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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

8 questions · 8 findings · 6 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 1 · 12.5%GRADE not reported 1 · 12.5%Very low 2 · 25%Low 3 · 37.5%Moderate 0 · 0%High 1 · 12.5%

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Perinatal mortality · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

All‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in alcohol versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution Clinical assessment · patients with a central venous catheter

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in alcohol versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

All‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in aqueous solution versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution Clinical assessment · patients with a central venous catheter

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in aqueous solution versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention vs any comparison

Mortality ‐ Topical povidone iodine gel versus no topical povidone iodine gel · patients undergoing liver resections

It is very uncertain whether intervention changes mortality ‐ Topical povidone iodine gel versus no topical povidone… compared with comparison (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review