Mortality (all‐cause) · adults with chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Summary of findings table ‐ immunostimulant showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring plus usual care changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It is very uncertain whether remote monitoring changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Action plan showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with usual care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Tiotropium + LABA/ICS combination showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with tiotropium (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all cause) · addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or LABA alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium showed no clear difference in mortality (all cause) compared with long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all cause) · addition to tiotropium versus either tiotropium or LABA alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Long‐acting beta2‐agonist plus tiotropium showed no clear difference in mortality (all cause) compared with tiotropium alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Participants in included studies had an average baseline FEV1 of around 40% predicted and…
Tiotropium showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with ipratropium (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Aclidinium bromide showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Long‐acting beta2‐agonists showed no clear difference in mortality (all‐cause) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and > 10 pack years smoking history
It is very uncertain whether tiotropium changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with long‐acting beta‐agonists (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
COPD‐specific mortality · Adults with COPD
Statins showed no clear difference in COPD‐specific mortality compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative mortality · people with surgical treatment for periampullary or pancreatic carcinoma
The intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative mortality (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (0 to 30 days) · adult cardiac surgical patients
Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in mortality (0 to 30 days) compared with systemic analgesia (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortality before cross‐over · preterm infants with severe pulmonary dysfunction
Rescue high‐frequency jet ventilation probably leads to lower mortality before cross‐over compared with conventional ventilation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality, due to pneumonia · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes mortality, due to pneumonia (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Mortality, due to pneumonia · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality, due to pneumonia (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review