Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,228 questions · 1,245 findings · 383 reviews

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No studies found 403 · 32.4%GRADE not reported 128 · 10.3%Very low 385 · 30.9%Low 232 · 18.6%Moderate 81 · 6.5%High 16 · 1.3%

Alarm plus other intervention vs other interventions

Proportion of children with adverse events · children with nocturnal enuresis

1 finding from 1 review

Alarm interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 1 participants
GRADE not reported

MET plus any intervention vs the intervention alone

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific low‐back pain (LBP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

MET plus any intervention vs other therapies plus that intervention

Adverse events · patients with non‐specific low‐back pain (LBP)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Muscle energy technique for non‐specific low‐back pain 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Visual interventions vs control

Adverse events · spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other adult‐acquired non‐progressive brain injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other non‐progressive brain… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

Number experiencing adverse effects · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component intervention changes adverse events: number of people experiencing an AE compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.07 [0.51, 2.25]
1 study · 166 participants
Very low

Dietary interventions vs control

Serious adverse events · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1913 participants
Very low

Dietary interventions vs control

Serious adverse events · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 377 participants
Low

Dietary interventions vs standard practice

Adverse events · Children and adolescents with obesity or overweight

1 finding from 1 review

Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Child feeding interventions vs no intervention

Short‐term impact (< 12 months) unintended adverse events · children aged 5 years and under

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 39 participants
Very low

Female migrants' benefit of any health literacy intervention vs male migrants' benefit of any health literacy intervention

Adverse events ‐ not measured · migrants

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for improving health literacy in migrants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events (GI) · obese women with subfertility

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological intervention changes adverse events (GI) compared with no intervention or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological and non‐pharmacological strategies for obese women with subfertility 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.91 [0.32, 2.57]
1 study · 65 participants
Very low

Child nutrition education interventions vs no intervention

Unintended adverse events ‐ not reported · children aged 5 years and under

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption in children aged five years and under 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Activity interventions vs control

Serious adverse events · children aged 5 to 11 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 21278 participants
Low

Activity interventions vs control

Serious adverse events · children aged 12 to 18 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 12 to 18 years old 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 5428 participants
Low

Movement interventions vs control

Adverse events · spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other adult‐acquired non‐progressive brain injury

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐pharmacological interventions for spatial neglect or inattention following stroke and other non‐progressive brain… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Early intervention (mobilization or active exercise) vs usual care

Adverse events Proportion of participants with one or more events, or proportion of intervention sessions where an event occurred (falls, accidental dislodgement of attachments, haemodynamic instability, oxygen desaturation or any other adverse ev... · critically ill, mechanically ventilated adults

1 finding from 1 review

Early intervention (mobilization or active exercise) for critically ill adults in the intensive care unit 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 690 participants
Low

Primary surgical intervention (curettage, peripheral osteotomy, or resection) vs Primary non-surgical intervention (intralesional corticosteroids, subcutaneous calcitonin, interferon alpha, or imatinib)

Adverse events · Patients with a pathological diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Active stimulation + other intervention vs other intervention alone

Adverse event: lead failure/ displacement · adults with chronic pain

It is very uncertain whether active stimulation + other intervention changes adverse events:lead failure/ displacement compared with other intervention alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Implanted spinal neuromodulation interventions for chronic pain in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.02 [0.52, 17.58]
3 studies · 330 participants
Very low
Implanted spinal neuromodulation interventions for chronic pain in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 15.31 [0.99, 237.16]
1 study · 44 participants
Very low

Education vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Adverse events · Older people living in the community

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led interventions vs enhanced usual care

Adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of alcohol‐related consequences ‐ accidents (RR > 1 denotes greater risk) · adult patients with harmful or hazardous alcohol or substance use

It is very uncertain whether primary health professional‐ and community professional‐led… changes adverse events (1 to 6 months post intervention) ‐ incidence of… compared with enhanced usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary‐level worker interventions for the care of people living with mental disorders and distress in low‐ and… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.23 [0.03, 1.97]
1 study · 107 participants
Very low