Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

56 questions · 58 findings · 31 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 14 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 32 · 55.2%Very low 6 · 10.3%Low 4 · 6.9%Moderate 2 · 3.4%High 0 · 0%

Repair of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam) vs Replacement of a defective amalgam restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with amalgam)

Adverse events · Adults (16 years or over) with one or more defective amalgam restoration(s) in a molar or premolar tooth/teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Repair of a defective resin composite restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with resin composite) vs Replacement of a defective resin composite restoration in a permanent molar or premolar tooth (with resin composite)

Adverse events · Adults (16 years or over) with one or more defective resin composite restoration(s) in a molar or premolar tooth/teeth

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Laser enamel preparation (with or without acid-etching) vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Adverse events · Caries-free children to young adults with premolars/molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants

No adverse events were reported in any included study (ungraded, narrative).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine rinse (0.12% and 0.2%, pre- and post-extraction) vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Follow-up: median 7 days
    3 trials reported no adverse events. 1 study reported adverse events (alterations in taste, bad taste, staining) in 24/62 in chlorhexidine group versus 0/40 in placebo group, Peto OR = 8.42 (95% CI 3.31 to 21.39). A…
    6 studies
    GRADE not reported

Ozone applied to the carious lesion (10 or 40 seconds), with a fluoride reductant and oral hygiene/preventive advice vs No ozone, with a fluoride reductant and oral hygiene/preventive advice (as in the intervention group)

Adverse events · People of any age with caries (including demineralisation in non-cavitated carious lesions); the caries may affect any single tooth…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Ozone therapy for the treatment of dental caries 2004 · Cochrane All outcomes
    To 6 months
    Baysan 2003 stated that no adverse events were reported to 6 months; no information was provided by Abu-Naba'a 2003 or Abu-Naba'a 2003pilot.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Preoperative ibuprofen vs placebo

Adverse events · Children and adolescents having orthodontic separator placement (without local anaesthetic)
1 finding from 1 review

Package of oral health education/promotion including oral hygiene advice for pregnant women, mothers, infants and young children, plus dietary and feeding practice advice for infants and young children vs usual care

Adverse events for mother or child · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…
1 finding from 1 review

Topical G32 (ayurvedic preparation) vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    1 week
    Patil 2017 reported burning mucosa and drying of mouth in a few subjects using the control drug (chlorhexidine) and no adverse effects were reported in the intervention group (G32 tablets).
    1 study · 40 participants
    GRADE not reported

Zinc vs placebo

Adverse events · Patients with taste disturbances (dysgeusia/hypogeusia; idiopathic, zinc-deficient, or secondary to chronic renal failure)

It is very uncertain whether zinc supplements (zinc sulphate, zinc gluconate, zinc picolinate,… changes adverse events compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SPT performed by non-specialist clinicians (general dental practitioners under specialist prescription) vs SPT performed by specialists (specialist practice)

Adverse events · Adults treated for periodontitis and receiving supportive periodontal therapy (SPT)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed metal crown (stainless steel), conventional technique vs Aesthetic crown (stainless steel with composite/white veneer), conventional technique

Adverse events: bone resorption · Children with decayed primary molar teeth
1 finding from 1 review
  • Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Six months and four years
    Bone resorption: one case at six months in a tooth treated with a veneer crown; no bone resorption at either the veneer crown or stainless steel sites at four-year follow-up (Analysis 3.2).
    1 study · 11 participants
    Very low

Hall technique vs Non-restorative caries treatment

Adverse events: gingival bleeding · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

It is very uncertain whether preformed metal crown (fitted using the Hall Technique) changes adverse events: gingival bleeding compared with non-restorative caries treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preformed metal crown (stainless steel), conventional technique vs Aesthetic crown (stainless steel with composite/white veneer), conventional technique

Adverse events: gingival bleeding · Children with decayed primary molar teeth
1 finding from 1 review
  • Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Six months and four years
    At six months, none (0/11) of the PMC sites had gingival bleeding, but all (11/11) veneer sites had bleeding, 10 of which bled on probing; statistically significant (McNemar's test, P < 0.001). At four years, one case…
    1 study · 11 participants
    Very low

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall Technique) vs Filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue excavation; with or without pulp treatment)

Adverse events: gingival bleeding · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

Preformed crown (any material; conventional technique or Hall… showed no clear difference in adverse events: gingival bleeding compared with filling (any material; with or without complete carious tissue…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Any preprocedural mouth rinse vs Placebo, no rinsing or control

Adverse events such as transient discolouration, altered taste, allergic reaction, hypersensitivity · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Elective radical (comprehensive) neck dissection vs Elective selective neck dissection

Adverse events associated with treatment · Adults with oral cavity cancer
1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel (0.2%, intrasocket) vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Local interventions for the management of alveolar osteitis (dry socket) 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Follow-up: median 7 days
    No adverse events were reported. Six trials (673 participants) reported no adverse events from the use of chlorhexidine gel; one study (Rubio-Palau 2015) reported gastrointestinal discomfort (30, 18%), dizziness (10,…
    7 studies
    GRADE not reported