Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

230 questions · 231 findings · 98 reviews

No studies found 73 · 31.6%GRADE not reported 10 · 4.3%Very low 71 · 30.7%Low 50 · 21.6%Moderate 20 · 8.7%High 7 · 3%

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral small molecule inhibitors (apremilast or baricitinib) vs placebo

Incidence of serious adverse events · adults with alopecia areata

Summary of findings table ‐ Oral small molecule inhibitors… showed no clear difference in incidence of serious adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Geriatrician‐led inpatient management vs orthopaedic‐led inpatient management

Adverse events (delirium during hospitalisation) · adults with dementia following hip fracture surgery

It is very uncertain whether geriatrician‐led inpatient management changes adverse events (delirium during hospitalisation) compared with orthopaedic‐led inpatient management (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: bronchoconstriction · children and adults with cystic fibrosis
1 finding from 1 review

Electrical or magnetic stimulation vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Number of participants experiencing muscle‐related adverse events: e.g. soreness, discomfort, cramps, pain · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Electrical or magnetic stimulation vs no treatment, sham treatment or verbal/written instruction

Number of participants experiencing surface or skin‐related adverse events: e.g. skin reactions, bruising, hypersensitivity to gel · men with urinary incontinence following prostate surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs mexiletine

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block compared with mexiletine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cannabinoids vs placebo

Adverse events: psychological disorders · diagnosis of dementia (dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, or mixed dementia; any severity

Comparison: cannabinoids showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ psychiatric disorders ‐ total psychiatric disorders ( compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ Withdrawn for medical reasons: Tricyclics versus placebo · patients with depression during opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence

The intervention leads to higher adverse events ‐ Withdrawn for medical reasons: Tricyclics versus… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs propafenone

Neuropsychiatric adverse event · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): neuropsychiatric… compared with propafenone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

5‐ASA vs control (all trials)

Number of participants with adverse events (epigastric pain, nausea, diarrhoea) · patients with the need for management of diverticulitis

5‐ASA showed no clear difference in number of participants with adverse events (epigastric pain, nausea,… compared with control (all trials) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review