Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

79 questions · 79 findings · 37 reviews

No studies found 17 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 17 · 21.5%Very low 25 · 31.6%Low 12 · 15.2%Moderate 7 · 8.9%High 1 · 1.3%

Protease‐modulating matrix dressing regimen vs any other dressing regimen

Proportion of participants with 1 or more adverse events at 2‐12 weeks · people with venous leg ulcers

Protease‐modulating matrix dressing regimen showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with 1 or more adverse events at 2‐12 weeks compared with any other dressing regimen (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Proportion of participants with 1 or more serious adverse events at maximum · adults with compensated or decompensated advanced chronic liver disease

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes proportion of participants with 1 or more serious adverse events at… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Methylphenidate vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus doxycycline) · Children and adolescents with ADHD

It is very uncertain whether methylphenidate changes proportion of participants with one or more adverse events… compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo

Proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events due to any cause · children and adults with predominantly mild to moderate asthma

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin D showed no clear difference in proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cycled inhaled tobramycin vs culture‐based TNS

Adverse effects of antibiotics: proportion of participants with one or more serious adverse event · adults and children with cystic fibrosis and a positive microbiological isolate of P aeruginosa from a respiratory tract specimen

Cycled inhaled tobramycin (TNS) probably leads to lower adverse effects of antibiotics: proportion of participants with one… compared with culture‐based TNS (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Radix Sophorae flavescentis vs placebo or no intervention

Non‐serious adverse events Maximum · chronic hepatitis B

It is very uncertain whether radix Sophorae flavescentis changes proportion of participants with 1 or more adverse events considered… compared with no intervention or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs no intervention

Non‐serious adverse events Maximum · chronic hepatitis B

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes proportion of participants with 1 or more adverse events considered… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs haloperidol

Adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only reported if occurred in ≥ 5% of people) · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only… compared with OTHER ANTIPSYCHOTIC: a. HALOPERIDOL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) vs PLACEBO/NIL

Adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only reported if occurred in ≥ 5% of people) · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation (rapid tranquillisation)

It is very uncertain whether ARIPIPRAZOLE (IM) changes adverse effects: one or more adverse events during 24 hours (only… compared with PLACEBO/NIL (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo

Adverse events Assessed as: occurrence of one or more major adverse events requiring withdrawal of treatment · people with nerve damage (< 6 months' duration) in leprosy

Corticosteroids showed no clear difference in adverse events Assessed as: occurrence of one or more major adverse… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Live zoster vaccine vs placebo

Participants with adverse events: 1 or more serious adverse events regardless of type of storage of the vaccine Clinical or laboratory criteria · healthy older adults aged ≥ 60 years

Live zoster vaccine showed no clear difference in participants with adverse events: 1 or more serious adverse events… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early intervention (mobilization or active exercise) vs usual care

Adverse events Proportion of participants with one or more events, or proportion of intervention sessions where an event occurred (falls, accidental dislodgement of attachments, haemodynamic instability, oxygen desaturation or any other adverse ev... · critically ill, mechanically ventilated adults
1 finding from 1 review

Mechanical tongue cleaning (tongue scraper) vs No tongue cleaning

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 2 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Hinokitiol gel vs Placebo gel

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 4 weeks
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Chlorhexidine + zinc acetate mouthwash vs Placebo mouthwash

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 3 months
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found