Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

461 questions · 486 findings · 147 reviews

No studies found 150 · 30.9%GRADE not reported 114 · 23.5%Very low 100 · 20.6%Low 58 · 11.9%Moderate 57 · 11.7%High 7 · 1.4%

Any intervention to manage relapse: fixed options (labial braces, lingual braces, fixed lingual wire) or removable options (Hawley's retainer with spring elastomeric module, Bloore removable aligner, other Hawley's retainer modifications, Invisalign, Clearstep) vs no intervention or another intervention

Adverse effects including pain, gingivitis, enamel decalcification and root resorption · Participants who previously underwent orthodontic treatment, with subsequent crowding (relapse) of the lower front teeth (lower incisors…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions vs placebo

Gastrointestinal adverse events · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether pharmacological interventions changes adverse events: all ‐ gastrointestinal effects (e.g. constipation,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pregabalin vs placebo

Treatment‐related adverse effects · adults and children with sickle cell disease experiencing neuropathic pain

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings ‐ Pharmacological intervention (pregabalin) changes treatment‐related adverse effects compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Etretinate with PUVA therapy as co‐intervention vs placebo with PUVA therapy

Proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 8 weeks · chronic palmoplantar pustulosis

It is very uncertain whether etretinate with PUVA therapy as co‐intervention changes proportion of participants with adverse effects ‐ measured over 20… compared with placebo with PUVA therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment

Adverse effects after treatment initiation: infections · children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease

TNF‐α blockers intervention showed no clear difference in adverse effects after treatment initiation: infections compared with placebo or additional treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams vs standard SEI teams plus treatment

Adverse effects/events: death ‐ all‐cause mortality(assessed by patient records) · recent‐onset psychosis

Extended specialised early intervention (SEI) teams showed no clear difference in adverse effects/events: death ‐ all‐cause mortality(assessed by… compared with standard SEI teams plus treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment

Rash · children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease

It is very uncertain whether TNF‐α blockers intervention changes adverse effects after treatment initiation: cutaneous reactions (rash) compared with placebo or additional treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment

Adverse effects: contact dermatitis · children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease

It is very uncertain whether TNF‐α blockers intervention changes adverse effects after treatment initiation: cutaneous reactions… compared with placebo or additional treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TNF‐α blockers intervention vs placebo or additional treatment

Adverse effects after treatment initiation: injection site reactions, neutropenia, infections, demyelinating disease, heart failure, malignancy, and induction of autoimmunity. · children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

NSAIDs (ketorolac oral rinse; systemic celecoxib) vs placebo or no treatment

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · People with a diagnosis of oral leukoplakia
1 finding from 1 review
  • SoF 3, Safety of the intervention over 3 months: systemic celecoxib (1 study) - 32 intervention participants reported 56 adverse effects, 20 placebo participants reported 20; 4 grade 3 events; 2 discontinued. Ketorolac…
    2 studies
    GRADE not reported