Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

488 questions · 501 findings · 191 reviews

No studies found 126 · 25.1%GRADE not reported 124 · 24.8%Very low 104 · 20.8%Low 89 · 17.8%Moderate 49 · 9.8%High 9 · 1.8%

Dexamethasone vs betamethasone – maternal outcomes

Maternal adverse effects of therapy · women at risk of preterm birth

Dexamethasone showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effects of therapy compared with betamethasone – maternal outcomes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine (vaginal wash or gel/cream) vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse (mild) effects in the mother · women with vaginal or rectal colonization with GBS during labour and their preterm/term infants

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine (vaginal wash or gel/cream) changes adverse (mild) effects in the mother compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: 1. Sedation · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines may leads to higher adverse effects: sedation Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thyroxine vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events including maternal pregnancy complications, foetal complications and adverse effects of thyroxine · subfertile women with euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease or subclinical hypothyroidism

Thyroxine led to lower adverse events including maternal pregnancy complications, foetal… compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects ‐ Blurred vision No of patients with blurred vision · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: blurred vision Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Collagen vs standard diet or placebo

Adverse effects/events: at least 1 adverse effect ‐ as defined by individual studies. · adults with pressure ulcers

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Collagen changes side effects: at least one adverse event compared with standard diet or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihistamines vs placebo

Adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect questionnaire (presence or absence given numerical values) · patients with motion sickness

Antihistamines showed no clear difference in adverse effects: impaired cognition Assessed by: adverse effect… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LMWH prophylaxis vs UFH

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: LMWH changes adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment compared with UFH (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heparin prophylaxis vs no treatment/placebo

Adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment · pregnant women at increased risk of VTE during pregnancy and the early postnatal period

It is very uncertain whether antenatal (± postnatal) prophylaxis: heparin (LMWH or UFH) changes adverse effects sufficient to stop treatment compared with no treatment/placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days vs SCS treatment

Adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic gastrointestinal reflux, symptoms of congestive heart failure or ischaemic heart disease, sleep disturbance, fractures, depression · exacerbations of COPD

SCS treatment for 7 or fewer days showed no clear difference in adverse drug effects Gastrointestinal tract bleeding, symptomatic… compared with SCS treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review