Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

780 questions · 834 findings · 76 reviews

No studies found 187 · 22.4%GRADE not reported 164 · 19.7%Very low 144 · 17.3%Low 172 · 20.6%Moderate 105 · 12.6%High 62 · 7.4%

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Joint pain reduction ‐ not reported · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Participant global assessment · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Tophus regression · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs allopurinol

Acute gout attacks · participants with chronic gout and sUA level > 0.36mmol/L

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer ‐ women · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C leads to higher incidence: lung cancer ‐ women compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Mortality: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Mortality: all cancers · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin C vs placebo

Incidence: lung cancer ‐ men · healthy male physicians, period: 1997 to 2007 and female health professionals, period: 1998 to 2005

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in incidence: lung cancer ‐ men compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers

Vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D given to infants changes vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L compared with vitamin D given to lactating mothers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers

Vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L · term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D given to infants changes vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L compared with vitamin D given to lactating mothers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Cancer occurrence · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…

Vitamin D showed no clear difference in cancer occurrence compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review