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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
286 questions in 57 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems
current versionsNo studies 286 · 100%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional‐dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine vs intramuscular inactivated poliovirus vaccine Paralytic poliomyelitis (not measured) · children Equivalent schedules of intradermal fractional dose versus intramuscular full dose of inactivated polio… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Video feedback vs no intervention or inactive alternative intervention Parental reflective functioning · parent‐child dyads (including foster or adoptive carers), where the child was aged between birth and four years 11… Video feedback for parental sensitivity and attachment security in children under five years (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent training vs control Change in duration of crying (not reported) · infants with colic Parent training programmes for managing infantile colic (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent training vs control Adverse effects (not reported) · infants with colic Parent training programmes for managing infantile colic (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Stunting · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Stunting · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Wasting · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Underweight · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Anaemia · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Wasting · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Underweight · children aged 6 to 23 months Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Families and Schools Together (FAST) vs no intervention (or care Child adverse events ‐ not measured · children and their families Families and Schools Together (FAST) for improving outcomes for children and their families (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Families and Schools Together (FAST) vs no intervention (or care Parental substance abuse ‐ not measured · children and their families Families and Schools Together (FAST) for improving outcomes for children and their families (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Families and Schools Together (FAST) vs no intervention (or care Parental stress ‐ not measured · children and their families Families and Schools Together (FAST) for improving outcomes for children and their families (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Animal‐source foods vs a cereal‐based food or no intervention Anemia (not measured) · children aged 5 to 59 months Effectiveness of provision of animal‐source foods for supporting optimal growth and development in children… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Meat‐based diet vs a dairy‐based diet All‐cause morbidity (not measured) · children aged 5 to 59 months Effectiveness of provision of animal‐source foods for supporting optimal growth and development in children… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Meat‐based diet vs a dairy‐based diet Anemia (not measured) · children aged 5 to 59 months Effectiveness of provision of animal‐source foods for supporting optimal growth and development in children… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Primary outcomes · children aged 4 to 12 years with CAS of unknown cause Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Secondary outcomes · children aged 4 to 12 years with CAS of unknown cause Interventions for childhood apraxia of speech (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amphetamines vs placebo Dexamphetamine · adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Amphetamines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amphetamines vs placebo All amphetamines · adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Amphetamines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amphetamines vs placebo Lisdexamfetamine · adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Amphetamines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Amphetamines vs placebo Mixed amphetamine salts · adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Amphetamines for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent training vs treatment Safe home practices · people with intellectual disability Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Video‐feedback intervention to promote positive parenting for parents with learning difficulties (VIPP‐LD) vs treatment Parent‐child interaction · 85 parents (83 mothers and 2 fathers) with intellectual disabilities Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent training vs treatment Parent‐child interaction · people with intellectual disability Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Adverse effects Measured by: worsening of adaptive behavior or autism symptom severity · patients with young children (less than six years old) with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) for young children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: dietary interventions for infantile colic vs placebo or other interventions Parental or family quality of life, including measures of parental stress, anxiety or depression · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria Dietary modifications for infantile colic (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: dietary interventions for infantile colic vs placebo or other interventions Infant sleep duration per 24 h at 7, 14 and 21 days from start of intervention · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria Dietary modifications for infantile colic (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: dietary interventions for infantile colic vs placebo or other interventions Parental satisfaction · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria Dietary modifications for infantile colic (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
De‐escalation vs standard care Frequency of aggression‐related serious untoward incidents · patients with dementia De‐escalation techniques for managing non‐psychosis induced aggression in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
De‐escalation vs standard care Frequency of aggression‐related injuries to staff · patients with dementia De‐escalation techniques for managing non‐psychosis induced aggression in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
De‐escalation vs standard care Quality of life · patients with dementia De‐escalation techniques for managing non‐psychosis induced aggression in adults (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Comparative studies · children and adolescents aged 18 years and under diagnosed with ADHD Methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents – assessment… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Non‐comparative studies · children and adolescents aged 18 years and under diagnosed with ADHD Methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents – assessment… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent‐ and clinician‐mediated intervention vs clinician‐mediated intervention alone Socialisation · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent‐ and clinician‐mediated intervention vs clinician‐mediated intervention alone Adherence to treatment · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Parent‐mediated intervention vs treatment Parental stress · children with Down syndrome aged between birth and six years Parent‐mediated interventions for promoting communication and language development in young children with… (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment Adverse events · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment Other communication skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment Quality of life for the individual or their family and parent satisfaction · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment Non‐core aspects of behaviour and function · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Non‐verbal communication/AAC · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Combined spoken and non‐verbal communication/AAC · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Adverse events · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Social communication and pragmatic language skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Other communication skills · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment Quality of life for the individual or their family and parent satisfaction · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children (2018) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |