What do systematic reviews say?

585 questions · 606 findings · 220 reviews

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No studies found 606 · 100%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Antibiotics vs no treatment/placebo

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · children with CSOM

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Topical quinolone vs quinolones

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with CSOM

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Virtual reality distraction vs other VR distraction

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · children (0‐18 years)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Virtual reality distraction for acute pain in children 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Pain relief (percentage relief compared to baseline) · children and young adults with SCD

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in sickle cell disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · CSOM, recurrence of CSOM or suppuration following mastoidectomy or tympanoplasty

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Daily aural toileting vs single aural toileting episode

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · people (of any age) with otorrhoea for a duration of at least 6 weeks

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Aural toileting vs no aural toileting

Ear pain (otalgia) or discomfort or local irritation · children with chronic suppurative otitis media

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Chlorhexidine gel (0.12%) vs no treatment

Pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or costs · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine treatment for the prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
Neither of these trials reported on the other secondary outcomes such as measures of pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or direct and indirect costs of interventions.
0 studies
No studies found

Rutosides vs placebo

Woman's perception of pain (as defined by trialists) · Pregnant women with varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

External pneumatic intermittent compression vs rest

Woman's perception of pain (as defined by trialists) · Pregnant women with varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for varicose veins and leg oedema in pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Chlorhexidine varnish vs placebo or no treatment

Pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or costs · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine treatment for the prevention of dental caries in children and adolescents 2015 · Cochrane All outcomes
No trials reported on pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or costs.
0 studies
No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen lysinate mouthwash, 160 mg) vs Topical NSAID (benzidamine hydrochloride mouthwash, 22.5 mg)

Failure to complete orthodontic treatment due to pain · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study did not report this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Topical NSAID (ketoprofen chewing gum) vs Local anaesthetic (benzocaine chewing gum)

Failure to complete orthodontic treatment due to pain · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
The study did not report this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Ibuprofen taken pre-emptively (about 1 hour before treatment) vs Ibuprofen taken post-treatment

Failure to complete orthodontic treatment due to pain · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

NSAID (systemic) vs paracetamol

Failure to complete orthodontic treatment due to pain · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies in this comparison reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Analgesic (any: NSAID, paracetamol, local anaesthetic or opioid) vs placebo or control

Failure to complete orthodontic treatment due to pain · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment 2017 · Cochrane All outcomes
No studies reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Tramadol vs fentanyl

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · children undergoing surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol for postoperative pain treatment in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Tramadol vs morphine

Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · children undergoing surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Tramadol for postoperative pain treatment in children 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

McKenzie therapy vs other interventions

Pain: intermediate‐term · patients with non‐specific acute and subacute low back pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

The McKenzie method for (sub)acute non‐specific low back pain 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral ergot alkaloids vs no uterotonic agents

Pain after birth requiring analgesia (not prespecified) · women in the third stage of labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic use of ergot alkaloids in the third stage of labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found