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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,556 questions · 10,375 findings · 429 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 1,344 · 13%GRADE not reported 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%

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Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) vs No cleft lip and/or palate (non-CL/P)

Lactobacillus spp. mean levels/counts · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

No significant difference in Lactobacillus spp. presence was reported; GRADE was not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Overweight vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Brazilian children/adolescents in permanent dentition (BMI classified by CDC 2000 growth charts)

Overweight may make little or no difference to caries experience (DMFT) in the permanent dentition (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste at or before 24 months (earlier start) vs Started after 24 months (later start)

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

It is very uncertain whether started toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste at or before 24… changes fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with started after 24 months (later start) (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Oral cancer patients (cases) vs Healthy controls

Mean number of missing teeth in OC cases vs controls · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)

The mean number of missing teeth did not differ significantly between oral cancer patients and controls (SMD 0.59, 95% CI -0.04 to 1.22); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Probiotics vs placebo or control

Lactobacillus count (CFU/mL) · Children and/or adolescents (<18 years) without background systemic disease

Probiotics may make little to no difference to Lactobacillus count versus control (MD -0.78 CFU/mL, 95%CI -1.65 to 0.09; very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CO2 laser combined with fluoride vs Fluorides alone (monotherapy)

Enamel demineralization (QLF ΔF) · Human enamel specimens under cariogenic challenge (in situ / ex vivo)

Evidence on a synergistic effect of combining CO2 laser with fluoride versus fluoride alone is mixed: one ex-vivo study found combined treatment superior while another found no synergy (ungraded, 2 ex-vivo studies, no pooled estimate).

1 finding from 1 review

M2 Demirjian stages F-G vs M2 Demirjian stages E-D

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction

In the maxilla, M2 Demirjian stages F-G were not associated with a statistically significant difference in space closure odds.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Joint pain at rest · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

It is very uncertain whether occlusal splint changes joint pain at rest compared with physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training,… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Remineralizing orthodontic adhesives vs Conventional/control orthodontic adhesive (e.g., Transbond XT) or negative control

Ion release · Human teeth with early enamel lesions surrounding orthodontic brackets

No meta-analysis was conducted; most studies reported increased ion release over time, but few reported peak values.

1 finding from 1 review

Second molar at Demirjian stage E-F at extraction vs Second molar at Demirjian stage G-H at extraction

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, Demirjian stage E-F vs G-H was not significantly associated with space closure (OR 4.44; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Overweight/obesity (combined) vs Normal Weight or Non‐Obese

Dental caries prevalence · Brazilian children/adolescents in permanent dentition (BMI classified by WHO 2006 Z-score)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies (permanent dentition, WHO 2006 Z-score) was rated very low certainty; the pooled effect was not shown in the article.

1 finding from 1 review

Facemask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) vs Reverse Twin Block with lip pads and rapid maxillary expander (RME)

ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion)

Facemask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) led to lower ANB compared with reverse Twin Block with lip pads and rapid maxillary expander (RME); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after submucosal instrumentation (SI) vs Submucosal instrumentation (SI) alone, or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Outcome not reported · Adults (> 18 years) with peri-implantitis, receiving supportive treatment

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Surgically-anchored appliance (miniscrews or miniplates)

Perceived need for surgery in adulthood · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review