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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,556 questions · 10,375 findings · 429 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 1,344 · 13%GRADE not reported 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%

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Buccal fat pad pedicle plus placental extract vs Buccal fat pad pedicle alone

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

It is very uncertain whether buccal fat pad pedicle plus placental extract changes maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) compared with buccal fat pad pedicle alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic adhesives containing bioactive glass (BAG) particles/nanoparticles (including Ag-, Zn-, fluoride-, or Ga-doped BAG) vs Conventional/control orthodontic adhesive (e.g., Transbond XT) or negative control

Enamel remineralization / anti-demineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)

In vitro, most bioactive glass-containing orthodontic adhesives (9 of 13 studies) showed significant enamel remineralization/anti-demineralization versus control, but the evidence is weak (predominantly high risk of bias, methodological heterogeneity, no meta-analysis; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cancer patients (cases) vs Healthy controls

Periodontal parameters (all measures pooled) in OC cases vs controls · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)

Pooling all periodontal measures, oral cancer patients had worse periodontal status than controls (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.41-1.49; very high heterogeneity, I2=96.8%); ungraded. Note this pools clinically different measures.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Streptococcus mutans count · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Surgically-anchored orthodontic treatment (miniplates) vs no intervention

Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion)

Surgically-anchored orthodontic treatment (miniplates) may leads to higher overjet compared with untreated control (no treatment) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) vs Consumption of CHX/xylitol gum by women, or CHX varnish applied to women's dentition

Child microbiological presence (any mutans streptococci colonisation) · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age

Consumption of xylitol chewing gum by women (mothers) led to lower child microbiological presence (any mutans streptococci colonisation) compared with consumption of CHX/xylitol gum by women, or CHX varnish applied to…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Facemask vs no intervention

Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion)

Facemask led to higher overjet compared with untreated control (no treatment); GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Control (placebo/no treatment or other topical fluoride agents)

Prevention of new caries (caries development/increment) · Preschool children (primary dentition) at risk of new caries

Limited evidence from two trials suggests SDF may help prevent new caries, but preventive efficacy was not meta-analyzed and remains uncertain (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after subgingival instrumentation (SI) vs Subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or both), or SI plus placebo/sham aPDT

Attachment change · Adults (> 18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, receiving active (non-surgical anti-infective) treatment

Adjunctive antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) applied after… led to higher change in clinical attachment level (CAL) compared with subgingival instrumentation (SI) alone (hand or power-driven, or…; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Package of oral health education/promotion including oral hygiene advice for pregnant women, mothers, infants and young children, plus dietary and feeding practice advice for infants and young children vs usual care

Child oral health behaviours · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…
1 finding from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children younger than 71 months (under 6 years)

Pooled ECC prevalence in Europe was 36% (95% CI 25-47).

16 findings from 1 review
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Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years

Fluoride varnish applied before 4 years of age (biannual) showed no clear difference in fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) compared with placebo varnish (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal splint vs Physical therapy (ultrasound, exercise, sensorimotor training, laser, TENS, manual therapy)

Self-reported joint pain when chewing · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Facemask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) vs Facemask only

Wits appraisal · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion)

Facemask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) showed no clear difference in wits appraisal compared with facemask only; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants (lycopene, curcumin, Oxitard) vs Placebo or no active treatment

Participant-reported resumption of normal eating, chewing and speech · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Single-strand superelastic NiTi arch wire vs Coaxial superelastic NiTi arch wire

Alignment rate · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch)

Single-strand superelastic NiTi arch wire probably leads to lower alignment rate compared with coaxial superelastic NiTi arch wire (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Mandibular third molar present vs Mandibular third molar absent

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, presence of the third molar increases odds of spontaneous space closure (OR 2.28; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Postoperative systemic antibiotics (phenoxymethylpenicillin/penicillin VK, 7-day course), partial or total chemo-mechanical debridement and analgesics vs Matched placebo, partial or total chemo-mechanical debridement and analgesics

Pain at 24 hours · Adults with a symptomatic necrotic tooth or localised acute apical abscess (no signs of spreading infection or systemic involvement)

It is very uncertain whether postoperative systemic antibiotics… changes pain at 24 hours compared with matched placebo, partial or total chemo-mechanical debridement and… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TT genotype vs TG+GG genotypes

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries

TaqI/BglI(rs739837) recessive model: TT vs TG+GG was not significantly associated with dental caries (OR 0.93); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review