MMP-9 presence/activity · Human coronal carious dentin and sound dentin
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3 studies
Very low
Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Short-term fluoride mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash may reduce pocket probing depth versus placebo in the short term (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
White spot lesion incidence · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)
Most studies reported a lower incidence of white spot lesions with clear aligners than fixed appliances, but heterogeneous assessment methods precluded meta-analysis (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Oral health-related quality of life · Adolescents (10-19 years)
The umbrella review reported that malocclusion negatively affects oral health-related quality of life.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Oral health-related quality of life · Adolescents (10-19 years)
The umbrella review reported worse oral health-related quality-of-life scores with severe periodontitis.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Oral health practices
1 finding from 1 review
Pulp necrosis · Vital teeth
One study reported a 13% incidence in teeth with pre-operative caries fillings or crowns.
2 findings from 1 review
Proportion 13
1 study
GRADE not reported
Proportion 5
1 study
GRADE not reported
Costs · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed or removable appliances
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-9 presence/activity · Human ex vivo carious dentin (mostly coronal), natural caries lesions
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin compared with sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
MMP-9 may be increased in carious dentin when compared to sound dentin, but the evidence is very uncertain.
3 studies · 292 participants
Very low
Adverse effects on oral health · People who had received fixed appliance orthodontic treatment
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Not measured
0 studies
No studies found
Discomfort/pain · Adolescents and adults with malocclusion undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment
It is very uncertain whether light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation changes patient perception of pain and discomfort (VAS 0 to 100 mm) compared with conventional orthodontic appliance treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Total mortality · Adults with oral cavity cancer
1 finding from 1 review
Total mortality: 2 trials reported HR but could not be pooled (different surgical procedures); neither indicated a difference (BHNCSG 1998 HR 1.14, 0.70 to 1.86; Bier 1994 HR 0.87, 0.41 to 1.83); 252 participants (2…
2 studies · 252 participants
Very low
New coronal carious lesions or fillings on permanent (first) molars (caries prevention) · Children with dental caries in permanent (first) molars
One-time SDF within a brushing programme did not significantly reduce caries vs control (p>0.05; ungraded).
2 findings from 1 review
Secondary prevention of caries · children with deep occlusal carious lesions in permanent molars
No significant difference in secondary caries prevention was reported; no effect estimate or GRADE rating was reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Predictive performance for root caries increment (positive likelihood ratio, LR+) · Older adults (aged 52-95; mean 52-73) at risk of root caries increment
Developmental root-caries prediction models were generally modest, except Sanchez-Garcia 2011 (LR+ 7.09) which reached the useful threshold; no pooled estimate; ungraded.
2 findings from 1 review
MMP-2 activity · Human root and coronal carious dentin
No difference in MMP-2 activity was found in root versus coronal carious dentin (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Periapical pathosis incidence · Vital teeth
One study reported a 1.4% incidence with bone level < 35%.
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion 1.4
1 study
GRADE not reported
Oral health-related quality of life · Indians
In adolescents (10-19 years), dental caries was associated with poorer OHRQoL (pooled OR 3.92; 5 studies); ungraded.
2 findings from 1 review
Secondary caries prevention in young permanent first molars · Children with deep occlusal caries in young permanent first molars (indirect pulp capping)
SDF and RMGIC did not differ significantly for secondary caries prevention in young permanent molars (no events; p>0.05; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Baraka et al. (2022): no significant difference in secondary caries prevention between 38% SDF and RMGIC (no secondary caries in either group through 12 months; p=0.63 at 12 months; overall p=0.26).
1 study · 49 participants
GRADE not reported