Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

74 questions · 74 findings · 29 reviews

No studies found 25 · 33.8%GRADE not reported 2 · 2.7%Very low 39 · 52.7%Low 2 · 2.7%Moderate 5 · 6.8%High 1 · 1.4%

Enhanced recovery protocol vs usual care

Serious adverse events (proportion) · people with major upper gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic surgery

It is very uncertain whether enhanced recovery protocol changes serious adverse events (proportion) compared with standard care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Routine abdominal drain vs No drain

Serious adverse events (proportion of patients) · patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

It is very uncertain whether routine abdominal drain changes serious adverse events (proportion of patients) compared with 'no drain' (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens vs placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens

Proportion of infants with serious adverse events ( · HIV‐positive pregnant women co‐infected with hepatitis B virus

It is very uncertain whether tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens changes proportion of infants with serious adverse events ( compared with placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens vs placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens

Proportion of mothers with serious adverse events ( · HIV‐positive pregnant women co‐infected with hepatitis B virus

It is very uncertain whether tenofovir‐based antiviral combination regimens changes proportion of mothers with serious adverse events ( compared with placebo or tenofovir alone or non‐tenofovir‐based antiviral regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induced hypertension vs placebo or no intervention

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events · people with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage

It is very uncertain whether induced hypertension changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs no intervention

Proportion of participants with 1 or more serious adverse events · chronic hepatitis B

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review