What do systematic reviews say?

ANY FORM OF BRIEF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs usual care

• Psychoeducation (brief) for people with serious mental illness 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 62 participants
  Low

CHLORPROMAZINE vs RISPERIDONE

• Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 100 participants
  Very low

Screws vs fixed angle plates

• Internal fixation implants for intracapsular hip fractures in older adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 521 participants
  Low

Screws or pins vs fixed angle plates

• Internal fixation implants for intracapsular hip fractures in older adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 521 participants
  Low

Mosaicplasty vs microfracture

It is very uncertain whether mosaicplasty changes quality of life: long‐term KOOS QOL score. Scale 0 to 100; higher… compared with microfracture (very low certainty).

• Surgical interventions (microfracture, drilling, mosaicplasty, and allograft transplantation) for treating isolated… 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 25 participants
  Very low

Acupuncture vs usual care

• Acupuncture for chronic nonspecific low back pain 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 731 participants
  Moderate

CHLORPROMAZINE vs QUETIAPINE

• Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 59 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Early palliative care for adults with advanced cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 1028 participants
  Low

Custom foot orthoses vs shoes

• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low
• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Prefabricated foot orthoses vs shoes

• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low
• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Custom foot orthoses vs prefabricated foot orthoses

• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low
• Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  Low

Summary of findings: Molecular‐targeted therapy plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

• Molecular‐targeted first‐line therapy for advanced gastric cancer 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 53 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings ‐ dual therapy: lumacaftor plus ivacaftor (once daily) vs placebo

• Corrector therapies (with or without potentiators) for people with cystic fibrosis with class II CFTR gene variants… 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 1061 participants
  Moderate

DHEA vs placebo or control

• Dehydroepiandrosterone for women in the peri‐ or postmenopausal phase 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  8 studies · 287 participants
  Moderate

Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors vs placebo

• Selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors for schizophrenia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 114 participants
  Very low

Dental caries vs Caries-free controls

In children aged 3-5 years, early childhood caries was significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL (narrative; 3 studies); ungraded.

• Impact of oral conditions on oral health-related quality of life among Indians- a systematic review and Meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes

  India; community-based and institutional settings across multiple states · Children 3-5 years (ECOHIS/Michigan, continuous)
  Subgroup children 3-5 years (continuous, ECOHIS/Michigan): early childhood caries significantly associated with poorer OHRQoL (Singh N 2020, Ghanghas 2019, Jaggi 2019); not pooled.
  3 studies
  GRADE not reported

CHLORPROMAZINE vs OLANZAPINE

• Chlorpromazine versus atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 61 participants
  Very low

Disability (developmental, intellectual, or sensory) vs Persons without disabilities

Persons with disabilities in Saudi Arabia report poorer overall oral health-related quality of life and greater oral-health impact than those without disabilities, synthesized narratively without a pooled estimate (ungraded).

• Disabilities and Disparities in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Saudi… 2024 All outcomes

  Cross-sectional · Autism centres, dental hospital, disability centres, hospital, and public schools across Saudi Arabia (Riyadh, Jeddah, Qassim, Abha)
  Narrative synthesis (no pooled estimate). PWDs reported reduced functional, emotional, and social well-being and greater oral-health impact on quality of life. AlJameel 2021 (Down syndrome): 34.9% of children and 46%…
  Studies not reported
  GRADE not reported

CBT vs control

• Psychological interventions for women with non‐metastatic breast cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  20 studies · 1747 participants
  Low

Chinese herbal medicines vs placebo

• Chinese herbal medicine for menopausal symptoms 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 256 participants
  Low