Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Dopamine agonist vs placebo

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Any dopamine agonist showed no clear difference in adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Amantadine vs placebo

Risk for at least one adverse event per patient · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Amantadine showed no clear difference in adverse events as N of participants with at least one adverse event compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Total number of adverse events (withdrawals due to lack of effect)c · patients with varus medial osteoarthritis of the knee

The intervention showed no clear difference in total number of adverse events (withdrawals due to lack of effect)c (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs mexiletine

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block compared with mexiletine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) vs surgery

Adverse events: minor post‐procedural complications within one year · patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) probably leads to higher adverse events: minor post‐procedural complications within one year compared with surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) vs surgery

Adverse events: major post‐procedural complications within one year · patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) showed no clear difference in adverse events: major post‐procedural complications within one year compared with surgery (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard polyurethane plus sutureless securement devices vs standard polyurethane

Adverse events assessed during catheter dwell and on product removal · people with arterial catheter dressing and securement

It is very uncertain whether standard polyurethane plus sutureless securement devices changes adverse events assessed during catheter dwell and on product removal compared with standard polyurethane (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard polyurethane plus tissue adhesive vs standard polyurethane

Adverse events assessed during catheter dwell and on product removal · people with arterial catheter dressing and securement

It is very uncertain whether standard polyurethane plus tissue adhesive changes adverse events assessed during catheter dwell and on product removal compared with standard polyurethane (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Any alternative model of care vs usual care

Falls · Nursing home residents (mean age 78.3 to 86.0 years; more than 66% women; 62.1% to 87.3% with dental prostheses)

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Any alternative model of care changes adverse events/falls: proportion of residents with a fall at longest compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with sham treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation

Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy changes proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year compared with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics vs other antibiotics

Adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) · people with leptospirosis

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes adverse events considered non‐serious (penicillin versus cefotaxime) compared with other antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dextrose gel vs placebo

Adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) · newborn infants at risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia

Dextrose gel showed no clear difference in adverse events# (e.g. choking or vomiting at time of administration) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bioengineered devices vs standard techniques

Adverse events assessed as: adverse events (serious and non‐serious) · people undergoing peripheral nerve repair of the upper limb

It is very uncertain whether bioengineered devices changes adverse events assessed as: adverse events (serious and non‐serious) compared with standard techniques (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heated tobacco use vs cigarette smoking

Serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether heated tobacco use changes serious adverse events – measured by self‐report and medical records compared with cigarette smoking (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review