Studies
Primary studies
26,293 studies included by 1,022 non-Cochrane dental reviews extracted from full text, one record per study, so a study included by several reviews is counted once. Most are randomized trials; etiology and diagnostic reviews also include observational and accuracy studies. Cochrane reviews and reviews with only their headline outcomes do not list their included studies here yet.
ReviewStudies included by Efficacy of various interventions for the management of white spot lesions associated with fixed orthodontic treatment: a systematic…. Show all studies
| Study | Year | Reviews | Review outcomes linked | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A prospective, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial on the effects of a fluoride rinse on white spot lesion development and bleeding in… van der Kaaij et al. 2015 · van der Kaaij Nicoline C W, van der Veen Monique H, et al. · European journal of oral sciences PMID:25913893 | 2015 | 5 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Resin infiltration versus fluoride varnish for visual improvement of white spot lesions during multibracket treatment. A randomized-controlled… Kashash 2024 · Kashash Yamen, Hein Sascha, et al. · Clinical oral investigations PMID:38733458 | 2024 | 3 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Masking-efficacy and caries arrestment after resin infiltration or fluoridation of initial caries lesions in adolescents during orthodontic… Shan 2021 · Wierichs Richard Johannes, Selzner Hannah, et al. · Journal of dentistry PMID:37730095 | 2023 | 3 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Evaluation of the preventive effect of two concentrations of xylitol varnish versus fluoride varnish on enamel demineralization around orthodontic… Zarif Najafi 2021 · Zarif Najafi Hooman, Shavakhi Mojgan, et al. · European journal of orthodontics PMID:34379121 | 2022 | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Management of Post Orthodontic White Spot Lesions Using Resin Infiltration and CPP-ACP Materials- A Clinical Study. Simon 2022 · Simon Louis Solaman, Dash Jayanta Kumar, et al. · The Journal of clinical pediatric dentistry PMID:35311975 | 2022 | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Fluoride varnish for the prevention of white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances: a randomized controlled trial. Sonesson 2020 · Sonesson Mikael, Brechter Anna, et al. · European journal of orthodontics PMID:31197364 | 2020 | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of self-assembling peptide P11-4 on orthodontic treatment-induced carious lesions. Welk 2020 · Welk A, Ratzmann A, et al. · Scientific reports PMID:32321955 | 2020 | 3 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Effect of CO2 Laser on the Prevention of White Spot Lesions During Fixed Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Mahmoudzadeh et al. 2019 · Mahmoudzadeh Majid, Alijani Sara, et al. · Turkish journal of orthodontics PMID:31565692 | 2019 | 3 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Caries-preventive effectiveness of a fluoride varnish: a randomized controlled trial in adolescents with fixed orthodontic appliances. Stecksen-Blicks 2007 · Stecksén-Blicks C, Renfors G, et al. · Caries research PMID:17827963 | 2007 | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Bailey et al. 2009 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Singh 2016 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 3 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Caries-preventive effectiveness of two different fluoride varnishes: A randomised clinical trial in patients with multi-bracketed fixed orthodontic… Sardana 2022 · Sardana Divesh, Ekambaram Manikandan, et al. · International journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:35737872 | 2023 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Evaluation of the remineralizing effect of biomimetic self-assembling peptides in post-orthodontic white spot lesions compared to fluoride-based… Restrepo 2016 · Gohar Raneen Ahmed Abou El Gheit, Ibrahim Shereen Hafez, et al. · Clinical oral investigations PMID:36287272 | 2023 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of three orthodontic bonding systems in white spot lesion development: a randomized clinical trial. Horan et al. 2023 · Horan Ola G Abu, Al-Khateeb Susan N · The Angle orthodontist PMID:37017436 | 2023 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| The efficacy of fluoride varnish vs a filled resin sealant for preventing white spot lesions during orthodontic treatment. Flynn 2022 · Flynn Lauren N, Julien Katie, et al. · The Angle orthodontist PMID:34679162 | 2022 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of nanosilver mouthwash on prevention of white spot lesions in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment - a randomized double-blind… Ali 2022 · Ali Azheen, Ismail Hadi, et al. · Journal of dental sciences PMID:35028045 | 2022 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Effect of a mouth rinse and a high-fluoride toothpaste on caries incidence in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial. Enerbäck 2022 · Enerbäck Hanna, Lingström Peter, et al. · American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics PMID:35491328 | 2022 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Evaluation of fluoride varnish treatment of postorthodontic white spot lesions by visual inspection and laser fluorescence-A randomized controlled… Tomaževič 2022 · Tomaževič Tanja, Drevenšek Martina, et al. · Clinical and experimental dental research PMID:35510617 | 2022 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Fluoride varnish, ozone and octenidine reduce the incidence of white spot lesions and caries during orthodontic treatment: randomized controlled… Grocholewicz 2022 · Grocholewicz Katarzyna, Mikłasz Paulina, et al. · Scientific reports PMID:35978074 | 2022 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| One Year Clinical Evaluation of White Spot Lesions with Newly Introduced Resin Modified Glass-Ionomer in Comparison to Resin Infiltration in… Benham 2009 · Rohym Shaimaa Mosutafa, Harhash Asmaa Youssif, et al. · Brazilian Dental Science DOI:10.14295/bds.2021.v24i1.2063 | 2020 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Comparison of the effects of toothpastes containing nanohydroxyapatite and fluoride on white spot lesions in orthodontic patients: A randomized… Badiee 2020 · Badiee Mohammadreza, Jafari Nima, et al. · Dental research journal PMID:33343843 | 2020 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Resin-modified glass ionomer cement vs composite for orthodontic bonding: A multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Enerbäck 2023 · Benson Philip E, Alexander-Abt Jonathan, et al. · American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics PMID:30591153 | 2019 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Impact of a non-fluoridated microcrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrice on enamel caries progression in highly caries-susceptible orthodontic… Schlagenhauf 2019 · Schlagenhauf Ulrich, Kunzelmann Karl-Heinz, et al. · Journal of investigative and clinical dentistry PMID:30701704 | 2019 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Long-term remineralizing effect of MI Paste Plus on regression of early caries after orthodontic fixed appliance treatment: a 12-month follow-up… Beerens 2018 · Beerens Moniek W, Ten Cate Jacob M, et al. · European journal of orthodontics PMID:29161371 | 2018 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Enamel resistance to demineralisation around orthodontic brackets after CO2 laser irradiation: a randomised clinical trial. Raghis, 2018 · Raghis Tuqa, Mahmoud Ghiath, et al. · Journal of orthodontics PMID:30071781 | 2018 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions with CPP-ACP paste: A three year follow up study. Karabekiroğlu 2017 · Karabekiroğlu Said, Ünlü Nimet, et al. · Dental materials journal PMID:28835597 | 2017 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effects of various remineralizing agents on the outcome of post-orthodontic white spot lesions (WSLs): a clinical trial. Singh 2016 · Singh Sombir, Singh Satinder Pal, et al. · Progress in orthodontics PMID:27480987 | 2016 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Efficacy of a new sealant to prevent white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic treatment : A 12-month, single-center, randomized controlled… Hammad and Knösel 2016 · Hammad Shaza M, Knösel Michael · Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie PMID:27734089 | 2016 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Efficacy of a casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste in preventing white spot lesions in patients with fixed orthodontic… Esenlik et al. 2016 · Esenlik E, Uzer Çelik E, et al. · European journal of paediatric dentistry PMID:28045314 | 2016 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| A prospective randomized clinical trial into the capacity of a toothpaste containing NovaMin to prevent white spot lesions and gingivitis during… Alshammari 219 · Hoffman Derek A, Clark Andrew E, et al. · Progress in orthodontics PMID:26268772 | 2015 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effectiveness of high-fluoride toothpaste on enamel demineralization during orthodontic treatment-a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Sonesson et al. 2014 · Sonesson Mikael, Twetman Svante, et al. · European journal of orthodontics PMID:24375756 | 2014 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Effect of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride foam on white spot lesions in orthodontic patients: a randomized trial. Jiang et al. 2013 · Jiang Han, Hua Fang, et al. · Pediatric dentistry PMID:23756315 | 2013 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Randomized controlled trial on fluoride varnish application for treatment of white spot lesion after fixed orthodontic treatment. Du et al. 2012 · Du Minquan, Cheng Ning, et al. · Clinical oral investigations PMID:21331637 | 2012 | 2 | 1 | not extracted yet |
| Effects of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium fluoride phosphate paste on white spot lesions and dental plaque after orthodontic treatment: a… Beerens 2010 · Beerens M W, van der Veen M H, et al. · European journal of oral sciences PMID:21083623 | 2010 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Regression of post-orthodontic lesions by a remineralizing cream. Bailey 2009 · Bailey D L, Adams G G, et al. · Journal of dental research PMID:19887683 | 2009 | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Beerens 2010 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Beerens 2018 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Benson 2019 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Elaut 2004 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Esenlik et al. 2016 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Jiang et al. 2013 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Karabekiroğlu 2017 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Mehta 2015 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Restrepo 2016 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Shah 2017 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | 2 | not extracted yet |
| Silva 2021 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Simon 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Sonesson 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Tomaževič 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |
| Trimpeneers 1996 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 2 | none stated | not extracted yet |