Primary study · included by 4 reviews

A prospective, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial on the effects of a fluoride rinse on white spot lesion development and bleeding in orthodontic patients.

van der Kaaij et al. 2015 · van der Kaaij Nicoline C W, van der Veen Monique H, van der Kaaij Marleen A E, et al. · European journal of oral sciences · 2015

PubMed 25913893doi:10.1111/eos.12186Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Trial PICO

Not extracted yet. Trial-level population, intervention, comparator, outcomes and design will appear here after the trial extraction run. Until then, the reviews below describe the study.

Results

Not extracted yet. Per-trial results (events, means, effect and weight as each review's forest plot reports them) will appear here after the trial extraction run.

Included by

The efficacy of mouthwashes on oral microorganisms and gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2023 · cited as van der Kaaij et al. 2015 · Reference [57]; Results 'Study selection'; Additional file 2 (Table S2)

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2023 · cited as van der Kaaij 2015 · Table 2 (Characteristics of studies); reference [83]; included in systematic review only (excluded from NMA)

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · aetiology · 2024 · cited as van der Kaaij et al. 2015 · Table 1 and Table 2 (included studies); reference [38]

The review does not say which of its outcomes this study informs.

Fluoride mouthrinses for prevention of initial caries in orthodontic patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Non-Cochrane · intervention · 2025 · cited as van der Kaaij 2015 · Table 1A; Table 1B; Reference [15] (in meta-analysis)
Outcome this study informsPooled effectEvidenceCertainty
Incidence of initial caries around brackets, aesthetic-zone teeth only
Fluoride mouthrinse (0.05-0.32% sodium fluoride or amine fluoride) added to daily fluoride toothpaste vs Control: fluoride toothpaste alone, placebo mouthrinse + toothpaste, or non-fluoride (chlorhexidine) mouthrinse + toothpaste · At debonding (Gorelick index)
In two studies, a significant reduction of the incidence of initial caries around orthodontic brackets was reported in the FMR group when only teeth in the 'aesthetic zone' (central and lateral incisors, canines) were…2 studiesUngraded
Incidence of initial enamel caries / white spot lesions adjacent to bracket base (subject level, dichotomized)
Fluoride mouthrinse (0.05-0.32% sodium fluoride or amine fluoride) added to daily fluoride toothpaste vs Control: fluoride toothpaste alone, placebo mouthrinse + toothpaste, or non-fluoride (chlorhexidine) mouthrinse + toothpaste · End of intervention (6-26 months) to within 6 weeks after debonding
RD -0.07 [-0.14, -0.01]5 studies · 491 participantsUngraded

4 including reviews in total.