Topic in Oral Health

Orthodontics

Malocclusion, fixed and removable appliances, and tooth movement.

43 systematic reviews in Orthodontics ask 830 questions. 22.4% have no studies to answer them, 14.7% rest on very low certainty evidence and 4% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

Questions

830

current versions

No studies

22.4%

Moderate or high

No studies 186 · 22.4%Ungraded 410 · 49.4%Very low 122 · 14.7%Low 79 · 9.5%Moderate 30 · 3.6%High 3 · 0.4%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Orthodontics

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Superelastic NiTi arch wire vs Multistrand stainless steel arch wire Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane	Root resorption: not reported	0 studies	No studies
Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Other non-surgical orthodontic treatments (mini maxillary protractor, Pushing Splints, modified tandem, Reverse Forsus, reverse Twin Block, reverse chin cup, tongue appliance, Frankel III) Perceived need for surgery in adulthood · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children (2024) · Cochrane	SoF3: Perceived need for surgery in adulthood - Not measured.	0 studies	No studies
Fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances (exposure) vs None (single-group prevalence/incidence estimate) Incidence of new ICLs (mean number of new lesions per subject) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances, followed for development of new… · During fixed orthodontic treatment (development of new lesions), Overall (random-effects model) Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and… (2024)	MEAN 2.29 [1.12, 3.46]	5 studies · 208 participants	Very low
Fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances (exposure) vs None (single-group prevalence/incidence estimate) Prevalence of ICLs (mean number of lesions per subject) · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances · During or after fixed orthodontic treatment (cross-sectional/at debonding), Overall (random-effects model) Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and… (2024)	MEAN 2.24 [1.79, 2.70]	6 studies · 484 participants	Very low
Fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances (exposure) vs None (single-group prevalence/incidence estimate) Incidence of new ICLs (proportion of tooth surfaces developing new lesions) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances, followed for development of new… · During fixed orthodontic treatment (development of new lesions), Overall (random-effects model) Distribution of initial caries lesions in relation to fixed orthodontic therapy. A systematic review and… (2024)	Proportion 0.15 [0.08, 0.26]	4 studies · 1890 participants	Very low
Superelastic NiTi arch wire vs Conventional (stabilised) NiTi arch wire Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane	Root resorption: not reported	0 studies	No studies
Thermoelastic copper NiTi (CuNiTi) arch wire vs Conventional NiTi arch wire Pain · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane	Pain: not reported	0 studies	No studies
Superelastic NiTi arch wire vs Conventional (stabilised) NiTi arch wire Time to alignment · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane	Time to alignment: not reported	0 studies	No studies
Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Other non-surgical orthodontic treatments (mini maxillary protractor, Pushing Splints, modified tandem, Reverse Forsus, reverse Twin Block, reverse chin cup, tongue appliance, Frankel III) ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children (2024) · Cochrane	MD 0.11 [-0.54, 0.77]	8 studies · 285 participants	Very low
Facemask (RME) or modified facemask vs Surgically-anchored appliance (miniscrews or miniplates) Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children (2024) · Cochrane	MD -0.40 [-1.30, 0.50]	1 study · 43 participants	Very low
Facemask with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) vs Facemask with alternating rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) Orthodontic treatment for prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) in children (2024) · Cochrane	SoF5 (Facemask (Alt-RAMEC) vs facemask (RME)): Overjet - Not measured.	0 studies	No studies
NiTi arch wire of one cross-sectional size vs NiTi arch wire of a different cross-sectional size Root resorption · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch) Initial arch wires used in orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (2024) · Cochrane	Root resorption: not reported	0 studies	No studies

Reviews 43

Orthodontic treatment for deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth in children

Millett, DT, Cunningham, SJ, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018

Orthodontics

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 43

Orthodontic treatment for deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth in children

Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment

Open versus closed surgical exposure of canine teeth that are displaced in the roof of the mouth

Adhesives for bonded molar tubes during fixed brace treatment

Adhesives for fixed orthodontic bands

Non‐pharmacological interventions for alleviating pain during orthodontic treatment

Interventions for treating traumatised ankylosed permanent front teeth

Interventions for the cessation of non‐nutritive sucking habits in children

Surgical adjunctive procedures for accelerating orthodontic treatment

Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods

Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children

Enamel etching for bonding fixed orthodontic braces

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: luxated (dislodged) teeth

Orthodontic treatment for distalising upper first molars in children and adolescents

Interventions for managing relapse of the lower front teeth after orthodontic treatment

Extraction of primary (baby) teeth for unerupted palatally displaced permanent canine teeth in children

Treatments for adults with prominent lower front teeth

Orthodontics for treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders