Non-Cochrane · prognostic · PM42707137
Prevalence and influencing factors of oral frailty in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Liu Wenxiao, Fang Meng, Luo Yukai, et al. · Frontiers in public health · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1859081
Findings
Population Patients with cancer
41 findings
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Cancer type: Gastrointestinal tumors | Prevalence 0.49 [0.45, 0.53] GRADE not reported 4 studies · 1065 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Jingwen Lv omitted | Prevalence .52 [.46, .59] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Liu Lijuan omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Xiaoying Shen omitted | Prevalence .53 [.47, .59] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Utae Katsushima omitted | Prevalence .52 [.46, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Li Yi omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .57] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Research centers: Single-center | Prevalence 0.47 [0.35, 0.59] GRADE not reported 7 studies · 1103 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Gender: Male | Prevalence 0.61 [0.50, 0.72] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 746 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Country: China | Prevalence 0.55 [0.50, 0.60] GRADE not reported 10 studies · 3026 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Tools: Other | Prevalence 0.47 [0.39, 0.56] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 127 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Sample size: n < 200 | Prevalence 0.39 [0.32, 0.46] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 627 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Lu Chengqian omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .57] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Sample size: n ≥ 400 | Prevalence 0.57 [0.49, 0.66] GRADE not reported 3 studies · 1392 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Gender: Female | Prevalence 0.58 [0.43, 0.74] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 418 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Research centers: Multicenter | Prevalence 0.57 [0.53, 0.61] GRADE not reported 6 studies · 2231 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Su Rong omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .57] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Sample size: 200 ≤ n < 400 | Prevalence 0.6 [0.56, 0.63] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 1315 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Fangyi Li omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Bu Xiaolan omitted | Prevalence .52 [.45, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Cancer type: Lung cancer | Prevalence 0.57 [0.53, 0.62] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 498 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty TNM: I | Prevalence 0.36 [0.12, 0.6] GRADE not reported 4 studies · 121 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty TNM: IV | Prevalence 0.6 [0.55, 0.65] GRADE not reported 4 studies · 518 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty TNM: II-III | Prevalence 0.53 [0.42, 0.63] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 531 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Tools: Oral frailty index-8 | Prevalence 0.53 [0.46, 0.59] GRADE not reported 11 studies · 3207 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Yutaro Shimizu omitted | Prevalence .54 [.50, .59] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Ryugo Teranishi omitted | Prevalence .52 [.46, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Xiaoyu Wang omitted | Prevalence .51 [.45, .58] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Leave-one-out: Tao Liu omitted | Prevalence .53 [.47, .59] GRADE not reported 12 studies |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty | Prevalence .52 [.46, .58] GRADE not reported 13 studies · 3524 participants |
| Not reported | None | Oral frailty Country: Japan | Prevalence 0.4 [0.26, 0.55] GRADE not reported 3 studies · 308 participants |
| Dentures | None | Oral frailty | OR 15.09 [6.78, 33.58] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Poor oral health | None | Oral frailty | OR 4.70 [2.13, 10.39] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Physical frailty | None | Oral frailty | OR 3.63 [2.40, 5.50] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Smoking | None | Oral frailty | OR 3.53 [2.34, 5.31] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Malnutrition | None | Oral frailty | OR 3.40 [2.01, 5.75] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Xerostomia | None | Oral frailty | OR 3.46 [2.11, 5.68] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Radiotherapy | None | Oral frailty | OR 2.62 [1.67, 4.11] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Chemotherapy-induced taste alteration | None | Oral frailty | OR 2.94 [0.25, 34.4] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Depression | None | Oral frailty | OR 2.16 [0.78, 6] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Family functioning | None | Oral frailty | OR 1.81 [0.98, 3.36] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Age | None | Oral frailty | OR 1.43 [0.94, 2.15] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
Included primary studies 13
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lu 2025 DOI:10.19749/j.cn.cjgd.1672-2973.2025.03.009 | NR | 2 other reviews | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Li 2024 (Yi) DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2024.03.049 | NR | 1 other review | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Li 2025 Oral frailty and its influencing factors in patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-05789-7 | 2025 | 1 other review | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2025 (Tao) Relationship between dietary diversity and oral frailty in elderly gynecologic tumor patients DOI:10.1097/md.0000000000043298 | 2025 | 1 other review | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Su 2025 DOI:10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2025.17.24 | NR | 1 other review | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Bu 2025 DOI:10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2025.23.035 | NR | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Katsushima 2026 Exploratory analysis of associations among weight loss, oral function, and dysgeusia in patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-07460-7 | 2025 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2025 (Lijuan) DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-8283.2025.09.003 | NR | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Lv 2026 Construction and validation of a risk prediction model for oral frailty in elderly patients with esophageal cancer. PMID:41607546 | 2025 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Shen 2025 Pre-radiotherapy frailty and associated determinants in elderly patients with thoracic tumors DOI:10.21037/tcr-2025-324 | 2025 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Shimizu 2025 Clinical significance of preoperative oral frailty and malnutrition in predicting the surgical outcomes of Gastrointestinal cancers DOI:10.1007/s00595-025-03225-5 | 2026 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Teranishi 2023 Oral frailty is a risk factor for body weight loss after gastrectomy: a single-center, retrospective study DOI:10.1007/s10147-023-02413-y | 2023 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
| Wang 2025 Prevalence and risk factors of oral frailty in elderly cancer inpatients: A cross-sectional study DOI:10.1097/md.0000000000046378 | 2025 | this review only | Oral frailty | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients with a cancer diagnosis, excluding oral cancer | Patients with non-oral cancer (n=3,524); China 10 studies, Japan 3 |
| Intervention | Not specified | Not specified |
| Comparison | Not specified | Not specified |
| Outcomes | Oral frailty (validated tool or clearly defined concept) and associated factors | Oral frailty prevalence (13 studies); associated factors (10 studies); tools OFI-8, OF-5, functional tooth units |
| Study designs | Cross-sectional, cohort or case-control studies with AHRQ score > 4; English or Chinese | 13 cross-sectional studies (4 high, 9 moderate quality) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |