Enamel resistance to demineralization (microhardness / lesion depth) · Extracted human teeth with early/artificial enamel lesions (in vitro)
Low-quality in vitro evidence suggests remineralising additives may reduce mineral loss, but no firm conclusion can be drawn.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
A single triple-blinded RCT found the ACP-containing adhesive reduced enamel demineralization versus a conventional adhesive over 6 months (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
White spot lesions assessed by laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
A single small split-mouth RCT found the nCaF2-containing primer reduced demineralization (DIAGNOdent) but showed no significant clinical white spot lesion difference at debonding (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Whitening (bleaching) efficacy · Demineralised / white-spot-lesion enamel (in vitro specimens)
Low-quality in vitro evidence indicates that adding fluoride or other remineralising agents does not impair the whitening/bleaching effect (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel mineral loss / remineralisation · Demineralised / white-spot-lesion enamel (in vitro specimens)
Low-quality in vitro evidence indicates that adding fluoride, calcium or CPP-ACP to bleaching agents can reduce enamel mineral loss (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel remineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, a nano-CaF2-containing orthodontic cement showed significant enamel remineralization versus control in a single study (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel remineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, n-ACP-containing orthodontic adhesives showed significant enamel remineralization versus control in both studies, but evidence is weak (only 2 studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel remineralization extent and color change · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, an n-AFCP-containing orthodontic primer showed significant enamel remineralization and less color change versus control in a single study (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Calcium and phosphate ion release · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, an n-ACP-containing adhesive significantly increased calcium and phosphate ion release up to 42 days in a single study (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Ion release (fluoride, calcium, phosphate) · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, among the 5 BAG ion-release studies only Ga-doped BAG (GaMBN, Song [31]) reported a significant increase (phosphate, up to 14 days); a general significant fluoride/calcium/phosphate increase across all 5 is not supported (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review