Oral cancer risk · adults (aged at least 18 years)
Highest may leads to lower oral cancer risk (5 studies) compared with lowest green tea exposure (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.71
55977 participants
Low
Need for antibiotics days of antibiotic use · children with cystic fibrosis
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Zinc supplementation changes need for antibiotics number of days on IV or oral antibiotics compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Microcirculation‐related symptom scores: oral and local Pycnogenol® · adults with diabetes mellitus type I
1 finding from 1 review
Area of ulceration: oral and local Pycnogenol® · adults with diabetes mellitus type I
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Medial temporal lobe · people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
1 finding from 1 review
Oral Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor · people with chronic plaque psoriasis
Any systemic treatment may leads to higher oral tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor compared with placebo (low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Adverse effects Oral glucose tolerance test (mg/dL) (at one year) · people with thalassaemia (any age)
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of healthcare workers who reported a stockout of drugs in the last 30 days (stockout of oral rehydration salts (ORS) to treat dehydration) · healthcare workers and other health professionals involved in commodity and stock management
It is very uncertain whether primary objective: mobile stock notification with effective product… changes proportion of healthcare workers who reported a stockout of drugs in… compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.61 [0.3, 1.23]
168 participants
Very low
Proportion of healthcare workers who reported a stockout of drugs in the last 30 days (stockout of oral rehydration salts (ORS) to treat dehydration) · healthcare workers and other health professionals involved in commodity and stock management
It is very uncertain whether primary objective: mobile stock notification with enhanced management changes proportion of healthcare workers who reported a stockout of drugs in… compared with standard care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.01 [0.61, 1.69]
171 participants
Very low
Health behaviour change – hygiene practices · parents of children aged < 5 years
Digital targeted client communication via mobile devices showed no clear difference in health behaviour change – hygiene practices (oral health in children… compared with non‐digital targeted client communication (parents of children aged… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Health behaviour change ‐ Oral contraception use · Adolescents and youth age 14 to 24 years
Digital targeted client communication via mobile devices may leads to higher health behaviour change ‐ Oral contraception use compared with standard care or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Other adverse events (allergy, irritation/burning of nasal, oral or oropharyngeal mucosa, long-term staining of mucous membranes or teeth, accidental ingestion) · Healthcare workers (HCWs) treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU) during ultrasonic scaling and air polishing at less than 1 foot (~30 cm) from oral cavity (RCTs) · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting
It is very uncertain whether high-volume evacuation (HVE) changes reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU) during… compared with no HVE (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Changes in microbiome in oral cavity, nasal cavity, oro- or nasopharynx · Patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental erosion, alveolar bone destruction and oral/pharyngeal lesions · Rat models with surgically induced or chronic acid gastroesophageal reflux
In experimental rat models, induced gastroesophageal reflux caused dental erosion, alveolar bone destruction and oral lesions compared with controls, supporting biological plausibility; evidence is ungraded animal research.
1 finding from 1 review
Two rat-model studies found significantly higher rates of dental erosion, alveolar bone destruction and osteomyelitis (Higo) and shorter molar crown heights with dentin exposure, inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis…
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral mucosa inflammation (gingivitis, periodontitis, mucosal lesions) · Adults with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR)
The association between reflux and oral mucosa inflammation (gingivitis/periodontitis) is inconsistent across five studies and remains ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Five studies examined gingival/periodontal and mucosal disorders with inconsistent results: some reported more frequent mucosal inflammatory findings in GERD patients (Yoshikawa, Watanabe, Vinesh 25.5% periodontitis,…
5 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Subgroup 3: Length of hospital stay (days) oral feeding only · lower gastrointestinal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Subgroup 4: Length of hospital stay (days) tube feeding with/without oral feeding · lower gastrointestinal surgery
1 finding from 1 review
Metabolic: oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) glucose (mmol/L/minute) · women with polycystic ovary syndrome
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal mortality ‐ oral antibiotic · neonates with sepsis
Comparison 1: route of antibiotic may leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ oral antibiotic compared with standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review