Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

534 questions · 539 findings · 63 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 101 · 18.7%GRADE not reported 63 · 11.7%Very low 93 · 17.3%Low 167 · 31%Moderate 89 · 16.5%High 26 · 4.8%

Insulin Detemir + prandial insulin Aspart vs NPH insulin + prandial insulin Aspart (Different insulin types within similar insulin regimens)

Fetal anomaly (major) · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether insulin Detemir + prandial insulin Aspart changes fetal anomaly (major) compared with NPH insulin + prandial insulin Aspart (Different insulin types… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lispro vs regular insulin (Different insulin types within similar insulin regimens)

Fetal anomaly · pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes

It is very uncertain whether lispro changes fetal anomaly compared with regular insulin (Different insulin types within similar insulin… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lifestyle vs control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes

Perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality · women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Lifestyle showed no clear difference in perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality compared with control ‐ Neonatal and later outcomes (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Insulin vs anti‐diabetic agent

Perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality · Infants of women diagnosed with gestational diabetes

Insulin showed no clear difference in perinatal (fetal and neonatal death) and later infant mortality compared with anti‐diabetic agent (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multivitamin plus iron plus folate vs iron plus folate

Total fetal loss (including miscarriages or combined miscarriages and stillbirths) · pregnant women

Multivitamin plus iron plus folate showed no clear difference in total fetal loss (including miscarriages or combined miscarriages… compared with iron plus folate (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pyridoxine vs placebo

Severity, reduction or cessation in nausea/vomiting 2. Quality of life outcomes 3. Pregnancy complications 4. Adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Metoclopramide vs ondansetron

Severity, reduction or cessation in nausea/vomiting 2.Days of hospital admission 3. Pregnancy complications 4. Adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Metoclopramide vs promethazine

Severity, reduction or cessation in nausea/vomiting 2. Number of episodes of emesis 3. Days of hospital admission 4. Pregnancy complications 5. Adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Ondansetron vs promethazine

Severity, reduction or cessation in nausea/vomiting 2. Number of episodes of emesis 3. Quality of life outcomes 4. Pregnancy complications 5. Adverse fetal/neonatal outcomes · Pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) vs no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis)

Fetal bradycardia (primary) · patients with breech presentation

Regional analgesia (with tocolysis) showed no clear difference in fetal bradycardia (primary) compared with no intervention of regional analgesia (with or without tocolysis) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin E vs placebo, no placebo or other supplements

Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes · pregnant women receiving vitamin E supplementation or control, living in areas where there is either inadequate dietary intake of vitamin…

Any vitamin E supplementation showed no clear difference in prelabour rupture of fetal membranes ‐ preterm compared with placebo, no placebo or other supplements (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Planned early birth vs expectant management

Perinatal mortality (stillbirth ‐ death of fetus prior to birth; neonatal death ‐ death within the first 28 days of birth; or infant death ‐ death after the first 28 days) · pregnant women with a term suspected compromised baby
1 finding from 1 review