What do systematic reviews say?

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 396 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 235 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Early enteral nutrition within 24 hours of lower gastrointestinal surgery versus later commencement for length of… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 235 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in time to PVR ≤ 50 mL (days) (low certainty).

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 111 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in PVR one month after operation (mL) (low certainty).

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 86 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

The intervention showed no clear difference in perioperative complications (excluding bladder dysfunction) (low certainty).

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.55 [0.24, 1.26]
  3 studies · 180 participants
  Low

Intervention not reported

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes disease‐free survival (median (very low certainty).

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.63 [0, 106.95]
  1 study · 86 participants
  Very low

Intervention not reported

• Nerve‐sparing radical hysterectomy compared to standard radical hysterectomy for women with early stage cervical… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  0 studies · 0 participants
  GRADE not reported

Slow-release fluoride device (fluoride glass beads) vs Fluoride mouthrinse

It is very uncertain whether intraoral fluoride-releasing glass bead device attached to the brace changes number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 250 ppm F (daily) fluoride mouthrinse (very low certainty).

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; follow-up 19 months
  RR 1.51 [0.73, 3.10]
  1 study · 37 participants
  Very low

Patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily vs 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily

It is very uncertain whether patient-used 250 ppm F mouthrinse (100 ppm amine F/150 ppm NaF), daily changes number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; follow-up 24.5 months (assessed with QLF)
  RR 0.65 [0.37, 1.17]
  1 study · 81 participants
  Very low

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
  SoF 3. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily vs 1450 to 1500 ppm F toothpaste

Patient-used 5000 ppm F toothpaste, daily throughout treatment showed no clear difference in number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 1450 ppm F (conventional) toothpaste, daily (low certainty).

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; follow-up 1.8 years
  RR 0.68 [0.46, 1.00]
  1 study · 380 participants
  Low

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
  SoF 2. Number of participants with more severe DLs: none of the trials reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

12,500 ppm F (NaF/olaflur/dectaflur) amine fluoride gel vs Placebo gel

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; mean follow-up 16.6 months
  Additional SoF Table 1. Adverse effects: with placebo gel 0.60%; with fluoride gel 0.00% (0 to 0); difference 0.60% fewer (0.60 fewer to 0.60 fewer); relative effect not estimable; 312 participants (1 RCT); certainty…
  1 study · 312 participants
  Very low

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months may leads to lower number of participants with new demineralised lesions (DLs) compared with 0 ppm F placebo foam (low certainty).

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; mean follow-up 18 months
  RR 0.26 [0.11, 0.57]
  1 study · 95 participants
  Low

1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily vs 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily

It is very uncertain whether 1400/250 ppm F (amine F/SnF2) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily changes visible plaque index (mean change from baseline) compared with 1400/250 ppm F (NaF) toothpaste + mouthrinse, daily (very low certainty).

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; follow-up 1.5 years
  MD -0.09 [-0.18, 0]
  1 study · 97 participants
  Very low

Professionally-applied 12,300 ppm F APF foam, every 2 months vs 0 ppm F placebo foam

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond (end of orthodontic treatment)
  SoF 2. Adverse effects: none of the trials reported this outcome.
  0 studies
  No studies found

Fluoride varnish vs Non-fluoride (placebo) varnish

• Fluorides for preventing early tooth decay (demineralised lesions) during fixed brace treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes

  At debond; follow-up 1.7 years
  SoF 1. Adverse effects: no evidence that the intervention had adverse effects; only 1 participant with an adverse event and unclear if directly related to the intervention. 148 participants (1 RCT, Sonesson 2019);…
  1 study · 148 participants
  Low