Intervention not reported
Difference in summary sensitivity (NMA, Analysis 2)
1 finding from 1 review
Angular cheilitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)
No significant difference in angular cheilitis between CLWH with and without ART (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.58 [0.17, 1.99]
Studies not reported
Very low
Caries lesion initiation/progression (ICDAS score, laser fluorescence/DIAGNOdent, photographic pixels, enamel acid resistance) · Patients (children and adults, age 3-40 years) with initial enamel caries lesions (non-orthodontic and orthodontic)
No meta-analysis was possible for the 5 in vivo RCTs (high heterogeneity); narratively nHA showed generally no significant difference versus fluoridated dentifrice, and the evidence was not graded (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite on caries prevention-a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022 All outcomesMedian follow-up 6 months (range 6-12 months) · In vivo (clinical); non-orthodontic and orthodontic patients
No meta-analysis was performed for the in vivo studies owing to high heterogeneity (population, control group, outcomes, follow-up periods, risk of bias) and differing statistical designs (e.g., non-inferiority);…
5 studies · 420 participants
GRADE not reported
Ulcerative stomatitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)
Ulcerative stomatitis was significantly more prevalent in treatment-naive CLWH than in those on ART (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
OR 0.03 [0.02, 0.07]
Studies not reported
Very low
Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children (aged 3-5.5 years) with early childhood caries in anterior primary teeth (>=2 carious surfaces), no pulp therapy
Zirconia crowns failed less than composite strip crowns (3.3% vs 15% annual failure) in one RCT; low quality of evidence (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Caries experience - mean dft (descriptive), primary dentition
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries prevalence · European adolescents aged 12–19 years
Pooled caries prevalence was 0.74 (I² = 99.9%).
1 finding from 1 review
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children or adolescents
No eligible studies reported acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis.
1 finding from 1 review
Overweight/obesity risk · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries
BLW was associated with lower overweight/obesity risk in observational studies, but the certainty was very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Chronic herpes simplex infection (WHO clinical stage 4) · Children or adolescents
No eligible studies reported chronic herpes simplex infection.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries experience by cleft type · Children in the primary dentition with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P)
Whether cleft type is associated with caries experience could not be determined; the planned CP-versus-CL/P subgroup analysis was not possible owing to sparse isolated-CP data (5 studies described narratively; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth
No comparative effect estimate was reported; both arms had 1.7% failure.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries prevalence in permanent dentition · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)
A primary-dentition DMFT over 13 is associated with about 15 times higher risk of caries in permanent teeth (single study; not GRADE-rated).
1 finding from 1 review
Poor (inadequate) oral hygiene (prevalence) · Children or adolescents
No significant difference in oral hygiene between CLWH on ART and healthy controls (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.07; single study).
1 finding from 1 review
Restoration survival · Children with decayed primary molar teeth
Single-surface ART/HVGIC restorations had high reported survival (86% at 3 years), significantly higher than multi-surface restorations (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Survival rate (%) 86
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Diagnostic accuracy for root caries detection · Dental radiographic/intraoral images of human teeth (X-ray and photographic)
One study reported machine-learning accuracy for root caries detection (97.1%, support vector machine); not pooled and not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)
No significant difference in acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis between ART regimens (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure (planned; no eligible studies) · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy
No eligible studies were found evaluating bio-active restorative materials for restoring carious primary teeth after pulp therapy.
1 finding from 1 review
Immediate bond strength (MPa) · Dental adhesives bonded to sound dentin (in vitro)
A rinsing step after SDF eliminates the negative effect on adhesive bond strength to sound dentin (MD 7.11 MPa, 95% CI -0.57 to 14.79, non-significant; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries arrest · Children (age 1-10 years) with active cavitated dentin caries lesions in primary molars
38% SDF arrested more caries than 12% SDF (pooled ES 0.37, 95% CI 0.27-0.47; single study; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review