Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,087 questions · 2,360 findings · 390 reviews

No studies found 224 · 9.5%GRADE not reported 603 · 25.6%Very low 555 · 23.5%Low 548 · 23.2%Moderate 312 · 13.2%High 118 · 5%

Very early discharge vs early discharge

Treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial treatment (or both) in number of episodes · children with cancer

Very early discharge showed no clear difference in treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial… compared with early discharge (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Very early discharge vs early discharge

Treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial treatment (or both), only first episode in number of participants · children with cancer

Very early discharge showed no clear difference in treatment failure; rehospitalization or adjustment of antimicrobial… compared with early discharge (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy

Death Analysis 1.1 · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis

Early routine ERCP strategy showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality, ITT analysis compared with early conservative management with or without delayed or selective… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy

Local complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (necrosis, abscess, pseudocyst) · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis

Early routine ERCP strategy showed no clear difference in local complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (necrosis,… compared with early conservative management with or without delayed or selective… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy

Systemic complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (organ failure including shock, pulmonary insufficiency, renal failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding; disseminated intravascular coagulation or severe metabolic disturbances) · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis

Early routine ERCP strategy showed no clear difference in systemic complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (organ… compared with early conservative management with or without delayed or selective… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early ART vs delayed ART initiation

HIV virological suppression at 6 months (viral load < 400 copies/mL) · HIV‐positive people with cryptococcal meningitis

It is very uncertain whether early ART changes HIV virological suppression at 6 months (viral load < 400 copies/mL) compared with delayed ART initiation (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early childhood caries / severe early childhood caries vs Caries-free controls

Change in height-for-age z score · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)

The association between baseline caries and declining height-for-age persisted after adjustment (coefficient -0.02); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Early childhood caries / severe early childhood caries vs Caries-free controls

Stunting · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)

One Nepalese cross-sectional study found caries severity significantly correlated with chronic malnutrition/stunting (HAZ; p<0.0001), especially in rural children; ungraded, no effect size reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Early childhood caries / severe early childhood caries vs Caries-free controls

Risk of malnutrition (younger children, 6 months to 6 years) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)

One Nepalese cross-sectional study found no significant association between severe ECC and malnutrition risk in children under 6 (mean difference 0.13, p=0.609); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Early surgery vs late surgery

Complete recovery of facial nerve function at 12 months Defined as: complete recovery HB grade I. · Bell's palsy

It is very uncertain whether early surgery changes complete recovery of facial nerve function at 12 months Defined as:… compared with late surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Breastfeeding for more than 24 months vs Not breastfed at the same age or breastfed for a shorter duration

Early childhood caries (ECC) - incidence/risk · Children with exclusively primary dentition (age ≤71 months)

Breastfeeding beyond 24 months is associated with an increased risk (incidence) of early childhood caries versus not breastfeeding at the same age (RR 2.44, 95% CI 1.97 to 3.02; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review