Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Adverse effects · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth culture, up to 72 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
Sodium hypochlorite 1% with chlorhexidine 2% final rinse led to lower proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth… compared with sodium hypochlorite 1% with normal saline final rinse; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Mean change in health-related quality of life or participant-expressed satisfaction with the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
Chlorhexidine rinse (0.12% and 0.2%, pre- and post-extraction) probably leads to lower presence of dry socket compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)
1 finding from 1 review
3 trials reported no adverse events. 1 study reported adverse events (alterations in taste, bad taste, staining) in 24/62 in chlorhexidine group versus 0/40 in placebo group, Peto OR = 8.42 (95% CI 3.31 to 21.39). A…
6 studies
GRADE not reported
Incidence of VAP · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care probably leads to lower incidence of VAP compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caregivers' preferences for oral hygiene care · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of mechanical ventilation · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care changes duration of mechanical ventilation compared with placebo or usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of ICU stay · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care showed no clear difference in duration of ICU stay compared with placebo or usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cost / economic data · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Duration of systemic antibiotic use · Critically ill patients (adults and children) receiving mechanical ventilation in ICU
Chlorhexidine (mouthrinse or gel), as part of oral hygiene care showed no clear difference in duration of systemic antibiotic use compared with placebo or usual care; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Organoleptic assessment of halitosis (mean change from baseline) · Adults over 18 years with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis, without significant comorbidity (e.g. diabetes) or…
1 finding from 1 review
Winkel 2003 (2-week trial): mean change (SD) in organoleptic score (scale 0 to 5). 0.05% chlorhexidine + 0.05% cetylpyridinium chloride + 0.14% zinc lactate: -1.13 (1.1), baseline 2.8 (0.5) to 1.5 (1.0) at day 14, P <…
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported
Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), gas chromatography · Adults over 18 years with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis, without significant comorbidity (e.g. diabetes) or…
1 finding from 1 review
Winkel 2003: mean change (SD) in peak VSC (ppb). Mouthrinse: -120 (92), baseline 292 (141) to 172 (104) at day 14, P < 0.005; Placebo: 8 (145), baseline 352 (161) to 360 (254). The mouthrinse caused a significantly…
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported
Adverse events (tongue and tooth staining) · Adults over 18 years with a clinical or self-assessed diagnosis of halitosis, without significant comorbidity (e.g. diabetes) or…
1 finding from 1 review
Winkel 2003: significantly more tongue staining (P < 0.001) and tooth staining (P < 0.002) were noted with the chlorhexidine + cetylpyridinium chloride + zinc lactate mouthrinse than with placebo.
1 study · 40 participants
GRADE not reported