Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,520 questions · 1,575 findings · 175 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 239 · 15.2%GRADE not reported 59 · 3.7%Very low 337 · 21.4%Low 406 · 25.8%Moderate 410 · 26%High 124 · 7.9%

Summary of findings: intravitreal bevacizumab plus intravitreal steroid vs intravitreal anti‐VEGF

Systemic adverse events at · adults with centre‐involving diabetic macular oedema

Summary of findings: intravitreal anti‐VEGF plus intravitreal steroid showed no clear difference in systemic adverse events at compared with intravitreal anti‐VEGF (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Mortality (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes mortality (all‐cause) compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Pneumonia · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes pneumonia compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Hospital admissions · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes hospital admissions (all‐cause) compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Residual pleural fluid on chest X‐ray at 8 weeks · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

The intervention may leads to lower residual pleural fluid on chest X‐ray at 8 weeks (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Residual pleural fluid on chest X‐ray at 24 weeks · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

The intervention may leads to lower residual pleural fluid on chest X‐ray at 24 weeks (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pleural changes at the end of · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

The intervention may leads to lower pleural changes at the end of (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Long‐term functional respiratory impairment (> 6 months) · adults and adolescents with pleural TB
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation ( · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

The intervention may leads to higher adverse events leading to treatment discontinuation ( (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

HIV‐related infections (cryptococcal meningitis) · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes HIV‐related infections (cryptococcal meningitis) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

HIV‐related cancer (Kaposi's sarcoma) · adults and adolescents with pleural TB

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes HIV‐related cancer (Kaposi's sarcoma) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early inhaled steroids (< 2 weeks) vs placebo (among survivors)

CLD at 36 weeks' PMA · very low birth weight preterm neonates

Early inhaled steroid (< 2 weeks) probably leads to lower CLD at 36 weeks' PMA compared with placebo (among survivors) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review