Epidural analgesia during labour · women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)
Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) showed no clear difference in epidural analgesia during labour compared with usual care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Epidural
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Additional analgesia required (epidural, pethidine and Entonox) · women in labour
IM pethidine may leads to lower additional analgesia required (epidural, pethidine and Entonox) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Maternal satisfaction with analgesia, maternal pain score or pain measured in labour, additional analgesia, epidural
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Epidural · women in labour
It is very uncertain whether IM pethidine changes epidural compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Use of analgesia and epidural during labour · pregnant women in latent phase of labour stimulated with oxytocin for with induction of labour. No exclusion criteria were applied in…
Discontinued intravenous (IV) oxytocin stimulation may leads to higher use of analgesia and epidural during labour compared with continued IV oxytocin stimulation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Any pharmacological or non‐pharmacological analgesia use excluding epidural · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Epidural anaesthesia for pain relief excluding for caesarean section · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Any pharmacological or non‐pharmacological analgesia use excluding epidural · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Epidural anaesthesia for pain relief excluding for caesarean section · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Any pharmacological or non‐pharmacological analgesia use excluding epidural · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Epidural anaesthesia for pain relief excluding for caesarean section · women in established labour and their babies.
1 finding from 1 review
Use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia · healthy pregnant women
Home support showed no clear difference in use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia compared with telephone triage (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia · healthy pregnant women
One‐to‐one structured care showed no clear difference in use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia compared with usual care (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia · healthy pregnant women
Assessment may leads to lower use of epidural or any regional anaesthesia compared with direct admission (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Satisfaction with pain relief · pregnant women
1 finding from 1 review
Epidural analgesia during labour · pregnant women from the time of their first antenatal visit to the end of the puerperium
Case notes showed no clear difference in epidural analgesia used in labour compared with control (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Myocardial infarction ‐ Epidural anaesthesia · people who underwent a lower limb revascularisation
Neuraxial showed no clear difference in myocardial infarction－Epidural anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Amputation rate ‐ Epidural anaesthesia · people who underwent a lower limb revascularisation
Neuraxial showed no clear difference in amputation rate－Epidural anaesthesia compared with general anaesthesia (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · women in the second stage of labour with epidural anaesthesia
Delayed pushing showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal intensive care compared with immediate pushing (all women with epidural) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review