Cochrane · systematic review · CD013321
Interventions for fear of childbirth including tocophobia
O'Connell, MA, Khashan, AS, Leahy-Warren, P, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021 · Cochrane Library
Pregnancy and ChildbirthAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
6
current version
GRADE rated
5
No studies
1
Included studies
NR
No studies 1 · 16.7%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 4 · 66.7%Moderate 1 · 16.7%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) compared to usual care
Population: women with fear of childbirth (tocophobia)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Fear of childbirth Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 828 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency |
Caesarean section Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.89] | 5 studies · 557 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Anxiety ‐ not reported Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Depression Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 399 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Birth preferences: prefer caesarean section Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | RR 0.38 [0.08, 1.85] | 2 studies · 208 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Epidural analgesia during labour Non‐pharmacological interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia) vs usual care | RR 1.21 [0.98, 1.48] | 2 studies · 380 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |