Any antibiotic showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with placebo or no antibiotic (low certainty).
It is very uncertain whether routine antibiotic prophylaxis changes adverse effects of antibiotics (skin rash) compared with no treatment or placebo (very low certainty).
Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in new renal parenchymal defects (scars and thinning) on IVP: unit of… compared with antibiotics alone (moderate certainty).
It is very uncertain whether surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics changes correction of VUR: unit of analysis (children) after 3 years:… compared with antibiotics alone (very low certainty).
Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in all symptomatic UTI by 4 to 5 years: surgical correction +… compared with antibiotics alone (moderate certainty).
Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics probably leads to lower febrile UTI by 5 years: surgical correction + antibiotics versus… compared with antibiotics alone (moderate certainty).
Surgical reimplantation of ureters plus antibiotics showed no clear difference in repeat positive urine cultures by 4 to 5 years: surgical correction… compared with antibiotics alone (moderate certainty).
28 days on/off antibiotic regimen leads to higher antibiotic resistance compared with 28 days on/off placebo regimen (high certainty).
14 days on/off antibiotic regimen leads to higher antibiotic resistance compared with 14 days on/off placebo regimen (high certainty).
Comparison 1: route of antibiotic may leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ oral antibiotic compared with standard care (low certainty).
Comparison 1: route of antibiotic probably leads to lower neonatal mortality ‐ injectable antibiotic compared with standard care (moderate certainty).
Comparison 1: route of antibiotic showed no clear difference in neonatal mortality ‐ oral + injectable antibiotics compared with standard care (moderate certainty).
Antibiotic may leads to lower active trachoma Clinical assessment: active trachoma defined as TF,… compared with control (low certainty).
Antibiotic showed no clear difference in ocular C trachomatis infection Positive test for C trachomatis… compared with control (low certainty).
Antibiotic may leads to lower adverse effects compared with control (low certainty).
Antibiotic leads to lower failure to enter clinical remission compared with placebo (high certainty).
Antibiotic showed no clear difference in failure to maintain clinical remission compared with placebo (low certainty).
Antibiotic probably leads to lower failure to achieve clinical response compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
The review found no eligible studies for this question.