Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,922 questions · 3,118 findings · 513 reviews

No studies found 574 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 372 · 11.9%Very low 723 · 23.2%Low 854 · 27.4%Moderate 489 · 15.7%High 106 · 3.4%

Antihypertensive drug class vs placebo

Beta‐blocker (any dose) Mean duration of 4 weeks · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes
2 findings from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug class vs placebo

Calcium channel blocker (any dose) Mean duration of 3 weeks · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes
2 findings from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug class vs placebo

Beta‐blocker/thiazide combination (any dose) Mean duration of 10 weeks · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes
2 findings from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in doubling of SCr Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) vs angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis)

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin receptor blockers showed no clear difference in micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity Mean duration of 3.7 years · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy may leads to lower total cardiovascular mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy showed no clear difference in coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

It is very uncertain whether antihypertensive drug therapy changes withdrawal due to adverse events compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review