Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

311 questions · 316 findings · 105 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 14 · 4.4%GRADE not reported 11 · 3.5%Very low 143 · 45.3%Low 79 · 25%Moderate 66 · 20.9%High 3 · 0.9%

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive intervention vs non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group A: amino acids vs placebo

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group A: amino acids changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive training vs active control

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C other: cognitive training changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with active control (tablet games) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C other: family treatment vs enhanced care

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early FACT Long‐term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C other: family treatment changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early FACT Long‐term compared with enhanced care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C other: integrated treatment vs usual care

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C other: integrated treatment changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with standard treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Acceptability of treatment: Leaving the study early · patients with antipsychotic‐induced TD

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes acceptability of treatment: Leaving the study early (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticholinergic medication vs other treatments

Leaving the study early · chronic schizophrenia patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether anticholinergic medication changes acceptability of the treatment: leaving the study early compared with other treatments (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Withdrawal of anticholinergic medication vs continuing anticholinergic medication

Leaving the study early · chronic schizophrenia patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether withdrawal of anticholinergic medication changes acceptability of the treatment: leaving the study early compared with continuing anticholinergic medication (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines vs placebo

Acceptability · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines changes acceptability of the treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Acceptability of treatment ‐ leaving the study early · people with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Buspirone vs placebo

Leaving the study early · psychiatric patients (schizophrenia) with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether ANXIOLYTIC ‐ BUSPIRONE changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ENZYME INHIBITOR ‐ VMAT2‐INHIBITOR (valbenazine) vs placebo

Leaving the study early · 18 to 85 year‐old patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, mood disorder, or gastrointestinal disorder +…

It is very uncertain whether ENZYME INHIBITOR ‐ VMAT2‐INHIBITOR (valbenazine) changes leaving the study early compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FATTY ACID ‐ ETHYL‐EPA vs placebo

Leaving the study early · female and male 42 (mean) years old patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether FATTY ACID ‐ ETHYL‐EPA changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ginkgo biloba vs placebo

Leaving the study early · male 45.2 (mean) years old patients with schizophrenia and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether HERB ‐ GINKGO BILOBA changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

POLYPEPTIDE ‐ CERULETIDE vs placebo

Leaving the study early · female and male 55‐59 year old (mean) patients with various psychiatric conditions and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether POLYPEPTIDE ‐ CERULETIDE changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review