Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,315 questions · 23,557 findings · 2,311 reviews

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No studies found 4,183 · 17.8%GRADE not reported 3,930 · 16.7%Very low 5,371 · 22.8%Low 5,787 · 24.6%Moderate 3,320 · 14.1%High 966 · 4.1%

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Mutans streptococci present in oral samples at baseline vs Mutans streptococci absent in oral samples at baseline

Development of any (cavitated or non-cavitated) carious lesion · Children younger than 6 years with caries-free primary dentition (no cavitated or non-cavitated lesions at baseline)

Preschool children with mutans streptococci at baseline probably have about four times higher odds of developing early childhood caries (OR 4.13; moderate certainty).

10 findings from 1 review

Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months to 3.5 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Overall
OR 4.13 [3.33, 5.12]
12 studies · 3010 participants
Moderate
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months to 3.5 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Sample: plaque
OR 5.16 [2.99, 8.91]
5 studies · 736 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months to 3.5 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Sample: saliva
OR 3.92 [3.20, 4.80]
9 studies · 2577 participants
GRADE not reported

Show 7 more findings

Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
1 year · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Follow-up: 1 year
OR 4.37 [3.50, 5.45]
4 studies · 2016 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
2.7 years (31 months median) · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Follow-up: 2.7 years (31 months median)
OR 33.00 [3.18, 342.26]
1 study · 28 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
2 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Follow-up: 2 years
OR 2.53 [1.22, 5.23]
4 studies · 297 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months to 3.5 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Microbiological assessment: quantitative (culture/CFU counting)
OR 3.82 [2.01, 7.26]
6 studies · 732 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
3.5 years (42 months) · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Follow-up: 3.5 years (42 months)
OR 4.23 [2.49, 7.18]
1 study · 366 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Follow-up: 6 months
OR 4.65 [2.01, 10.76]
2 studies · 303 participants
GRADE not reported
Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
6 months to 3.5 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Microbiological assessment: semi-quantitative (Dentocult/commercial kit)
OR 4.36 [3.53, 5.39]
6 studies · 2278 participants
GRADE not reported

Mutans streptococci present in oral samples at baseline vs Mutans streptococci absent in oral samples at baseline

Future caries experience (dmft/dmfs) · Children younger than 6 years with caries-free primary dentition (no cavitated or non-cavitated lesions at baseline)

Children with mutans streptococci at baseline had a greater future caries experience (SMD 0.85, a large effect; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 All outcomes
1 to 2 years · Caries-free preschool children (<6 y), primary dentition; community/clinic; studies from Japan, Finland, USA, Sweden and Singapore · Overall
SMD 0.85 [0.33, 1.37]
4 studies · 1323 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training vs no exercise

Number of patients who developed postoperative pulmonary complications · people scheduled to undergo lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training leads to lower risk of developing a postoperative pulmonary complication – total compared with no exercise training (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.45 [0.33, 0.61]
9 studies · 573 participants
High

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training vs no exercise

Postoperative intercostal catheter duration · people scheduled to undergo lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 111 participants
Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training vs no exercise

Safety of the intervention (adverse effects) · people scheduled to undergo lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 188 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Preoperative exercise training vs no exercise

Length of postoperative hospital stay · people scheduled to undergo lung resection for non‐small cell lung cancer

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 573 participants
Moderate

Pregabalin vs cetirizine with pheniramine maleate (antihistamine)

Change in burn‐related pruritus (VAS) ( · people with postburn pruritus

Pregabalin showed no clear difference in change in burn‐related pruritus (VAS) ( compared with cetirizine with pheniramine maleate (antihistamine) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for postburn pruritus 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Pregabalin vs cetirizine with pheniramine maleate (antihistamine)

Adverse effects: drowsiness (gabapentin alone) · people with postburn pruritus

Pregabalin may leads to lower adverse events (drowsiness) compared with cetirizine with pheniramine maleate (antihistamine) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for postburn pruritus 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.04 [0, 0.69]
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Pregabalin vs cetirizine with pheniramine maleate (antihistamine)

Pain · people with postburn pruritus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for postburn pruritus 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Adverse events related to the use of physical restraints · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Falls · older people in general hospital settings

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair showed no clear difference in falls compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.31, 5.79]
1 study · 180 participants
Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Fall‐related injuries · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Mobility · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Challenging behaviour · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Quality of life · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Summary of findings table ‐ Pressure sensors in bed and chair vs usual care

Use of physical restraints · older people in general hospital settings

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing and reducing the use of physical restraints of older people in general hospital settings 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 180 participants
Moderate

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence vs usual care

Taking adherence · solid organ transplant recipients

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence showed no clear difference in taking adherence compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.95, 1.27]
4 studies · 445 participants
Low

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence vs usual care

Dosing adherence · solid organ transplant recipients

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence may leads to higher dosing adherence compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [1.03, 1.26]
8 studies · 713 participants
Low

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence vs usual care

Timing adherence · solid organ transplant recipients

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence showed no clear difference in timing adherence compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.98, 1.23]
6 studies · 632 participants
Low

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence vs usual care

Drug holidays · solid organ transplant recipients

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence showed no clear difference in drug holidays compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for increasing immunosuppressant medication adherence in solid organ transplant recipients 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.77, 1.62]
4 studies · 445 participants
Low