Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Gastrointestinal recovery · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events (e.g. the number of participants that died, or had arrhythmias, other heart rate disorders, or showed any signs of lidocaine toxicity) · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low
Nausea · adults undergoing surgery with general anaesthesia
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative delirium (POD) within 7 days (As assessed by any method such as the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) in the first week after operation) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention probably leads to lower postoperative delirium (POD) within 7 days (As assessed by any… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) (As determined by any method of assessing POCD including a battery of neuropsychological tests according to the criteria described by the International Study of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (ISPOCD)) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) (As determined by any… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
All‐cause mortality · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Any postoperative complication · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
The intervention probably leads to lower any postoperative complication (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Postoperative length of stay (days) · adults aged 18 years or over undergoing general anaesthesia for non‐cardiac or non‐neurosurgical elective operations
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes all‐cause mortality compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Risk of acute myocardial ischaemia · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes risk of acute myocardial ischaemia compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Congestive heart failure · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes hypotension compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Rate of perioperative cerebrovascular complications · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes rate of perioperative cerebrovascular complications compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Length of hospital stay · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment related adverse events · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide
Lidocaine may leads to lower pain ‐ lidocaine compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ fentanyl · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide
Fentanyl may leads to lower pain ‐ fentanyl compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pain ‐ remifentanil · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide
Remifentanil may leads to lower pain ‐ remifentanil compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Breath holding · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide
It is very uncertain whether adverse effects of pharmacological intervention changes breath holding compared with control (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review