Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

679 questions · 687 findings · 43 reviews

No studies found 169 · 24.6%GRADE not reported 172 · 25%Very low 157 · 22.9%Low 128 · 18.6%Moderate 47 · 6.8%High 14 · 2%

CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo

Risk of acute myocardial ischaemia · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively

It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes risk of acute myocardial ischaemia compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CHRONIC: ACEi or ARB vs placebo

Rate of perioperative cerebrovascular complications · Patients undergoing any type of surgery under general anaesthesia receiving ACEIs or ARBs perioperatively

It is very uncertain whether ACEIs or ARBs changes rate of perioperative cerebrovascular complications compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs placebo

Incidence of pain with lidocaine pretreatment Pain scales · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Lidocaine may leads to lower pain ‐ lidocaine compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Remifentanil vs placebo

Pain ‐ remifentanil · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Remifentanil may leads to lower pain ‐ remifentanil compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Breath holding · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

It is very uncertain whether adverse effects of pharmacological intervention changes breath holding compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Chest tightness · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

It is very uncertain whether adverse effects of pharmacological intervention changes chest tightness compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Cough · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention may leads to higher cough compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention vs control

Adverse effects: pain on injection (solution deposition), Heft-Parker VAS 0-170 mm · adults and children undergoing general anaesthesia including the muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide

Adverse effects of pharmacological intervention showed no clear difference in pain on injection compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Completion of treatment · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Parental satisfaction · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative analgesics (analgesics given before dental treatment) vs Placebo or no analgesics

Patient satisfaction · Children and adolescents aged up to 17 years having dental treatment (orthodontic treatment, fillings, pulp treatment, or tooth…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral paracetamol vs placebo

At least 50% reduction in pain · Patients requiring surgical removal of a lower wisdom tooth or teeth, with baseline moderate to severe pain (surgery under local…

Paracetamol (single oral dose, any dose or formulation; subgroups up… led to higher achieving at least 50% pain relief at 4 hours (using pain intensity… compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

3 findings from 1 review

Oral paracetamol vs placebo

Patients with one or more adverse events · Patients requiring surgical removal of a lower wisdom tooth or teeth, with baseline moderate to severe pain (surgery under local…

Paracetamol (single oral dose, any dose or formulation; subgroups up… showed no clear difference in patients with one or more adverse events compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral paracetamol vs placebo

Participant‐reported pain relief of 50% or greater · Patients requiring surgical removal of a lower wisdom tooth or teeth, with baseline moderate to severe pain (surgery under local…

Paracetamol (single oral dose, any dose or formulation; subgroups up… led to higher achieving at least 50% pain relief at 6 hours (using pain relief… compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review