Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

948 questions · 998 findings · 100 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 233 · 23.3%GRADE not reported 40 · 4%Very low 203 · 20.3%Low 271 · 27.2%Moderate 176 · 17.6%High 75 · 7.5%

Antioxidants vs placebo

Cognitive function · cognitively healthy people in mid and late life
6 findings from 1 review
Show 3 more findings

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality in trials using vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ( · adults

The intervention probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality in trials using vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ( (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cardiovascular mortality in trials using vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ( · adults

The intervention showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality in trials using vitamin D3… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cancer mortality in trials using vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ( · adults

The intervention probably leads to lower cancer mortality in trials using vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) ( (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium ( · adults

The intervention probably leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of vitamin D (alfacalcidol and calcitriol) ( · adults

The intervention may leads to higher adverse events: hypercalcaemia in trials using the active forms of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) vs placebo

Clinical efficacy ‐ improvement (> 40%) in ESRS scores from baseline ESRS1 · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) may leads to higher clinical efficacy ‐ improvement (> 40%) in ESRS scores from baseline… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) vs placebo

Global: Other adverse effects than tardive dyskinesia Self‐report by participants · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) showed no clear difference in global: Other adverse effects than tardive dyskinesia Self‐report by… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) vs placebo

Tardive dyskinesia: Deterioration of symptoms · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

Pyridoxal 5 phosphate (vitamin B6) showed no clear difference in tardive dyskinesia: Deterioration in tardive dyskinesia symptoms ESRS1 compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review