Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,018 questions · 3,100 findings · 369 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 774 · 25%GRADE not reported 108 · 3.5%Very low 727 · 23.5%Low 840 · 27.1%Moderate 474 · 15.3%High 177 · 5.7%

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms… compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg leads to higher primary: adverse events ‐ headache Folluw‐up: 48 weeks to 72 weeks compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 30 mg vs placebo

Secondary: investigator‐rated reduction in severity in TLSSc and mTLSSd · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg leads to higher primary: investigator‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg leads to higher primary: participant‐rated good/excellent control of symptoms compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg vs placebo

Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · people with moderate to severe chronic hand eczema

Oral retinoids: alitretinoin 10 mg showed no clear difference in primary: all adverse events compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Febrile reactions (fever with or without chills, chills with or without rigors) ‐ Intention‐to treat analysis · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine showed no clear difference in febrile reactions (fever with or without chills, chills with or… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Anaphylatic reactions ‐ not reported · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine led to lower anaphylatic reactions ‐ not reported compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Death ‐ not reported · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine led to lower death ‐ not reported compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Adverse events · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine led to lower adverse events compared with placebo; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo

Allergic reactions (urticaria with or without pruritus) ‐ Intention‐to treat analysis · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions

It is very uncertain whether acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine changes allergic reactions (urticaria with or without pruritus) ‐… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review