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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,534 questions · 5,247 findings · 456 reviews

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No studies found 1,142 · 21.8%GRADE not reported 1,503 · 28.6%Very low 1,040 · 19.8%Low 869 · 16.6%Moderate 554 · 10.6%High 139 · 2.6%

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Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs an alternative dietary approach

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial
1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Recovery during intervention defined as WHZ > 0 in 1 study; 100% weight for height in 1 study · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… may leads to higher recovery during intervention defined as WHZ > 0 in 1 study; 100%… compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient therapeutic care or recurrence of oedema or systematic infections during the study period, and dropouts during intervention period · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… may leads to lower relapse during intervention defined as admission to inpatient… compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Mortality during intervention · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…

It is very uncertain whether standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose… changes mortality during intervention compared with as a supplement to the usual diet (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs as a supplement to the usual diet

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (1 study included HIV‐uninfected children; 1 study included HIV‐infected children), all of whom…
1 finding from 1 review

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) provided at a dose that meets total daily nutritional requirements vs RUTF using an alternative formulation

Recovery during intervention defined as weight gain ≥ 15% in relation to baseline weight, absence of complications and oedema, and MUAC > 110 mm in 2 studies; MUAC > 12.4 cm without oedema in 1 study; WHZ ≥ 80% for two consecutive visits in 1 stud... · children aged 6 months‐5 years with SAM (and mixed HIV comorbidity), some of whom had been stabilised as inpatients pre‐trial

Standard ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) showed no clear difference in recovery during intervention defined as weight gain ≥ 15% in… compared with RUTF using an alternative formulation (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Populations in countries with a lower Human Development Index (high category, HDI <0.800) vs Populations in countries with a higher Human Development Index (very high, HDI >=0.800)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Pooled caries experience (DMFT) was similar in very-high-HDI and high-HDI countries, and meta-regression found no significant association between national HDI and DMFT; ungraded observational evidence with very high heterogeneity.

3 findings from 1 review

Populations with low socioeconomic status (>=22.4% of the population with low SES) vs Populations with higher socioeconomic status (<22.4% of the population with low SES)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Populations with a higher proportion of people with low socioeconomic status had higher caries experience (pooled DMFT 15.99 vs 5.50), and meta-regression associated low SES with higher DMFT (about 10.35 more DMFT per unit; p=0.050); ungraded observational evidence.

5 findings from 1 review
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Populations with a lower proportion of university-educated people (<33.78% with university level) vs Populations with a higher proportion of university-educated people (>=33.78% with university level)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

The proportion of university-educated people was not associated with caries experience (DMFT); pooled DMFT was similar across subgroups and the meta-regression was non-significant; ungraded observational evidence.

5 findings from 1 review
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HDI (quantitative) vs Populations in countries with a higher Human Development Index (very high, HDI >=0.800)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Pooled caries experience (DMFT) was similar in very-high-HDI and high-HDI countries, and meta-regression found no significant association between national HDI and DMFT; ungraded observational evidence with very high heterogeneity.

3 findings from 1 review

Populations with a low level of schooling (>=33.60% of the population with low schooling) vs Populations with a higher level of schooling (<33.60% of the population with low schooling)

Caries experience (mean DMFT) · Adults aged 19-60 years

Population level of schooling was not significantly associated with caries experience (DMFT) in subgroup meta-analysis or meta-regression; ungraded observational evidence with very high heterogeneity.

5 findings from 1 review
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Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity Mean duration of 3.7 years · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy may leads to lower total cardiovascular mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

Antihypertensive drug therapy showed no clear difference in coronary heart disease mortality + morbidity compared with control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antihypertensive drug therapy vs control

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults aged 18‐59 years with primary hypertension (mild to moderate systolic or diastolic hypertension)

It is very uncertain whether antihypertensive drug therapy changes withdrawal due to adverse events compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review