Oral candidiasis prevalence · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition)
E-cigarette users may have a higher prevalence of oral Candida colonization than non-smokers (narrative synthesis; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Narrative synthesis: e-cigarette users showed a higher prevalence of Candida spp. (e.g., C. albicans) and increased fungal species compared with non-smokers (Ralho, Camoni [32,28]); no pooled estimate reported.
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European-ancestry adults
In multivariable MR, genetically predicted dental caries (DMFS) had no significant causal effect on osteoporosis with pathological fracture (OR 1.279, not significant).
2 findings from 1 review
Immediate (24 h) resin-dentin bond strength (MPa) · Artificial caries-affected dentin (ACAD) in extracted permanent human teeth (in vitro)
In the Self-Etch adhesive + chemical ACAD protocol network, HAp vs Calcium showed no significant difference in 24 h bond strength (MD -1.792, 95% CI -7.415 to 3.831; Low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Clinical and radiographic success rate
1 finding from 1 review
Postmenopausal osteoporosis with pathological fracture · European GWAS participants
The SVMR Maximum Likelihood interval included the null.
3 findings from 1 review
OR 1.363 [0.955, 1.947]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 1.355 [0.696, 2.635]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
OR 1.214 [0.746, 1.977]
281786 participants
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 6: superficial discoloration
The intervention led to lower composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 6:…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.30 [0.19, 0.46]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Out-of-pocket payment / cost as a factor of choice · (Potential) patients with freedom of choice regarding dental treatments, including parents and caregivers deciding for children or…
Out-of-pocket payment (cost) was the most frequently reported factor influencing patients' dental treatment decisions (N=136 articles; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
'Out-of-pocket payment' (and synonyms, e.g., 'cost') was the most frequently identified factor: mentioned in N=136 articles with the highest code frequency (n=151); most prevalent factor in 7 of the 8 countries with…
136 studies
GRADE not reported
Immediate (24 h) resin-dentin bond strength (MPa) · Artificial caries-affected dentin (ACAD) in extracted permanent human teeth (in vitro)
In the Etch-and-Rinse adhesive + biological ACAD protocol network, Flavonoids vs Fluorine showed no significant difference in 24 h bond strength (MD 4.241, 95% CI -2.652 to 11.135; Moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7: non-stable (mobile) restoration
The intervention led to higher composite: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 7:…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 7.07 [5.33, 9.38]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Intervention not reported
Amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 3: secondary caries
The intervention led to higher amalgam: Preference for replacement over repair - Scenario 3:…; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
RR 7.47 [5.63, 9.93]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Adults aged 18 years or older with mature permanent teeth and carious pulp exposure
The three-study meta-analysis found no significant difference between full and partial pulpotomy after 1 year.
1 finding from 1 review
Gingival index (GI) · Individuals assessed for periodontal health (mainly children and adolescents, age >2 years)
Persons with orofacial cleft have a higher gingival index than healthy controls (MD 0.15, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.19; low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Immediate (24 h) resin-dentin bond strength (MPa) · permanent human teeth with artificial caries-affected dentin
Calcium minus Control was -0.508 MPa (95% CI -8.207 to 7.191) at 24 h.
1 finding from 1 review
Osteoporosis · European-ancestry adults
In multivariable MR (adjusted for periodontitis), higher genetically predicted dental caries (DMFS) causally increased osteoporosis risk (OR 1.165, moderate evidence).
2 findings from 1 review
Streptococcus mutans colonization reduction (narrative; no CFU data reported) · Animal caries models (mice, rats, hamsters) challenged/colonized with Streptococcus mutans; one transgenic-plant antigen-expression system
Anticaries vaccines produced a sustained reduction in Streptococcus mutans colonization on teeth in animal models (ungraded narrative synthesis; no pooled estimate).
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Bone mineral density in forearm · European-ancestry adults
Genetically predicted dental caries (DMFS) had no causal effect on forearm BMD.
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Adults (≥18 years)
After adjustment for confounders, obesity/overweight was not associated with dental caries (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.12; ungraded).
9 findings from 1 review
Multimorbidity patterns of dental caries and obesity/overweight among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomesPopulation-based cross-sectional studies; adults ≥18 years; 6 countries (Turkey, Portugal, China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, South Korea) · By confounder adjustment: adjusted
OR 1.00 [0.89, 1.12]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Multimorbidity patterns of dental caries and obesity/overweight among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomesPopulation-based cross-sectional studies; adults ≥18 years; 6 countries (Turkey, Portugal, China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, South Korea) · By region: West Asia
OR 1.23 [0.96, 1.50]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Multimorbidity patterns of dental caries and obesity/overweight among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomesPopulation-based cross-sectional studies; adults ≥18 years; 6 countries (Turkey, Portugal, China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Israel, South Korea) · By BMI classification: overweight (vs study-defined non-overweight: normal or low weight)
OR 0.99 [0.98, 1.00]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
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Adequate marginal adaptation · Children receiving dental restorations (aged 4-11 years; primary teeth; Class I/II/V cavities)
No significant difference between IRR and CR in marginal adaptation (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment success (caries lesion arrest or restoration survival) · Children (aged 3-11 y) with cavitated caries lesions in primary teeth
At 12 months, the Hall technique had significantly higher treatment success than sealing (OR 13.93; moderate certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
OR 13.93 [1.34, 144.52]
43 studies
Moderate
OR 90.71 [1.57, 5243.63]
44 studies
Moderate
Postoperative pain (patient-reported) · Vital permanent teeth (mature or immature) with deep or extremely deep caries and asymptomatic pulp or reversible pulpitis, undergoing…
The effect of material choice (MTA vs CaOH) on postoperative pain is unclear: two small studies used different methods and reported contradictory results, so no meta-analysis was performed (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review