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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,890 questions · 3,917 findings · 272 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 429 · 11%GRADE not reported 2,657 · 67.8%Very low 512 · 13.1%Low 219 · 5.6%Moderate 80 · 2%High 20 · 0.5%

Genome-wide common variants (additive dosage; present-study GWAS) vs Genome-wide significance threshold (P<5E-8)

Periodontal disease - genome-wide-significant loci (present study) · Japanese adults (present-study cohort)

The present Japanese GWAS found no genome-wide-significant loci for periodontal disease (top suggestive rs12624579/SYNDIG1); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies two novel loci associated with dental caries. 2024 All outcomes
    Lifelong (germline genotype) · Population-based genetic association study (Japanese direct-to-consumer genetic testing cohort) · Present-study GWAS (Japanese)
    In the present Japanese GWAS, no loci reached genome-wide significance for periodontal disease; several loci reached the suggestive level (P<1E-5). Top-associated variant rs12624579 (SYNDIG1 intron).
    1 study · 45525 participants
    GRADE not reported

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of TAS2R43 (chr12p13.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted expression of TAS2R43 was significantly associated with ECC in the TWAS (p = 8.78e-8); genetic association, ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of SMIM10L1 (chr12p13.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted expression of SMIM10L1 was significantly associated with ECC in the TWAS (p = 1.70e-7); genetic association, ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of LACC1 (chr13q14.11) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted LACC1 expression reached the TWAS threshold for ECC (p = 3.98e-5) but was flagged as a possible false positive (LD misspecification) and not further considered; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of NRAD1 (LINC00284) (chr13q14.11) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted NRAD1 (LINC00284) expression reached the TWAS threshold for ECC (p = 1.69e-6) but was flagged as a possible false positive (LD misspecification) and not further considered; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of TAS2R31 (chr12p13.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted expression of TAS2R31 was suggestively associated with ECC in the TWAS (p = 1.04e-5); genetic association, ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of TAS2R14 (chr12p13.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted expression of TAS2R14 was significantly associated with ECC in the TWAS (p = 1.06e-6); genetic association, ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of IGSF5 (chr21q22.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted IGSF5 expression reached the TWAS threshold for ECC (p = 7.22e-5) but was flagged as a possible false positive (LD misspecification) and not further considered; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of LINC02905 (C8orf49) (chr8p23.1) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted LINC02905 (C8orf49) expression reached the TWAS threshold for ECC (p = 1.82e-8) but was flagged as a possible false positive (LD misspecification) and not further considered; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of CDH17 (chr8q22.1) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted expression of CDH17 was significantly associated with ECC in the TWAS (p = 3.32e-8); genetic association, ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary dental health aide (PDHA) service-delivery models (PDHA program; PDHA + intensive staffing; PDHA + robust prevention) vs Baseline pre-intervention service-delivery scenario

Projected receipt of school-based prevention services · Alaska Native children (below age 18)

A simulation projected that over 90% of children would receive school-based prevention services under the PDHA model, up from 53% (certainty not graded).

1 finding from 1 review

AI systems for caries detection/segmentation on dental X-ray images (predominantly convolutional neural networks; also ANNs, DNNs, DCNN, FCNN, SVMs, decision trees, random forests; e.g. EfficientNet, ResNet, AlexNet) vs Human dentists / trained dental professionals or traditional radiographic interpretation (reference standard / reference models)

Diagnostic accuracy (prevalence of accuracy) · Patients undergoing dental X-ray (radiographic) imaging for caries detection

On digital bitewing X-rays, AI accuracy was around 80% (single study, narrow CI; ungraded subgroup, numeric estimate not precisely readable).

4 findings from 1 review
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Maternal smoking during pregnancy vs No maternal smoking during pregnancy

Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries)

In the USA study, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with increased odds of childhood dental caries (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.49).

15 findings from 1 review
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Traditional bur cavity preparation vs Er,Cr:YSGG laser cavity preparation

Incidence of microleakage · Human teeth requiring cavity preparation and restoration (in vitro)

At the dentin margin, microleakage did not differ significantly between bur and Er,Cr:YSGG laser preparation (RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.67-2.38; ungraded).

4 findings from 1 review
Show 1 more finding

Women who experienced preterm birth vs Women who did not experience preterm birth (term)

Decayed, missing, filled surfaces (DMFS) · pregnant women

Women who experienced preterm birth did not have a significantly different DMFS than those who did not (mean difference -0.15, 95% CI -3.40 to 3.09; 3 studies; I2=89%); certainty of evidence not graded.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2018 All outcomes
    Pregnant women assessed around delivery in observational studies across multiple countries (Mexico, Malawi, India, France, Jordan, Finland, Tanzania); mostly retrospective cohort and case-control designs
    MD -0.15 [-3.40, 3.09]
    3 studies · 2594 participants
    GRADE not reported

Women who experienced preterm birth vs Women who did not experience preterm birth (term)

Dental caries · pregnant women

Women who experienced preterm birth did not have significantly higher DMFT than those who did not (mean difference 1.56, 95% CI -0.28 to 3.41; 5 studies; I2=92%); certainty of evidence not graded.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2018 All outcomes
    Pregnant women assessed around delivery in observational studies across multiple countries (Mexico, Malawi, India, France, Jordan, Finland, Tanzania); mostly retrospective cohort and case-control designs
    MD 1.56 [-0.28, 3.41]
    5 studies · 2963 participants
    GRADE not reported

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Proportion of ancient skulls with at least one non-carious cervical lesion (NCCL) · Ancient/prehistoric human skulls (excavated/archaeological skeletal remains)

About 1.4% of ancient skulls (pooled) had at least one NCCL; crude 17/805 (2.11%) across 6 studies (ungraded, substantial heterogeneity I2=69%).

1 finding from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Proportion of teeth with non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) in ancient skulls · Ancient/prehistoric human skulls (excavated/archaeological skeletal remains)

Non-carious cervical lesions affected a pooled proportion of about 0.4% of teeth in ancient skulls (4 studies; ungraded, very high heterogeneity I2=97.6%).

1 finding from 1 review

Preoperative paracetamol (acetaminophen) vs placebo

Postoperative pain (dichotomous measure: parent report of presence of pain-related behaviours) · Children and adolescents having dental treatment under local anaesthetic (restorative and extraction treatments)

Preoperative paracetamol (acetaminophen) showed no clear difference in postoperative pain (dichotomous measure: parent report of presence… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Reduction in previous year's academic score vs No reduction in academic score

Reduction in previous year's academic score · Primary school children in Ethiopia

Dental caries was associated with higher odds of a reduction in the previous year's academic score (OR 5.51, 95% CI 1.952-9.066; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review