Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

128 questions · 130 findings · 41 reviews

No studies found 24 · 18.5%GRADE not reported 6 · 4.6%Very low 21 · 16.2%Low 38 · 29.2%Moderate 25 · 19.2%High 16 · 12.3%

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Adverse effects of endoscopy therapy Adverse effects · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to higher adverse effects of endoscopy therapy Adverse effects compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Knee length vs compression stockings

Deep vein thrombosis · patients with prevention of deep vein thrombosis1

It is very uncertain whether knee length changes deep vein thrombosis (Random‐effects analysis) Venous duplex scan,… compared with thigh length graduated compression stockings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame: 3 months · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalciuria As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D (higher dose) vs vitamin D (lower dose)

Hypercalcaemia · children under 5 years of age

Vitamin D (higher dose) showed no clear difference in adverse effect: hypercalcaemia As defined by trialists Time frame:… compared with vitamin D (lower dose) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower blood pressure targets vs standard blood pressure targets

Withdrawals due to adverse events · cardiovascular disease with high blood pressure

It is very uncertain whether lower blood pressure targets changes participant withdrawals due to adverse effects compared with standard blood pressure targets (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Socioeconomic effects · individuals without known diabetes mellitus but at high risk for the condition

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any fluoride agent/concentration; frequency at least once a year) vs High-content fluoride toothpaste (1350 ppm)

Adverse effects · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)
1 finding from 1 review

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) vs HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term)

Adverse effects: unspecified extrapyramidal symptoms · schizophrenia

CHLORPROMAZINE LOW DOSE (≤ 400 mg/day) probably leads to lower adverse effects: unspecified extrapyramidal symptoms compared with HIGH DOSE (> 800 mg/day ‐ all medium term) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review