Postnatal growth failure · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether early (less than seven days following birth) higher changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Chronic lung disease · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Death (all causes)
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower time to death due to any cause (absolute effect size estimates based… compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse events grade 3 to 5 Range of
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher grade III to V adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Prostate cancer‐specific death5
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower prostate cancer‐specific death5 compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Time to progression
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) probably leads to lower time to progression (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with ADT only (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Withdrawals due to adverse events
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher discontinuation due to adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All adverse events
Early taxane‐based chemotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) may leads to higher all adverse events compared with ADT only (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Quality of life at 12 months (
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at one timing (e.g. early secondary grafting) vs Secondary alveolar bone grafting performed at a different / optimal timing (e.g. late secondary grafting)
Outcome not reported · Patients greater than 5 years of age with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and/or palate involving the alveolar process (complete or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Self concept · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… showed no clear difference in self concept compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Incidence of new incisal trauma · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… probably leads to lower incidence of new incisal trauma compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Final overjet · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… led to lower final overjet compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Final ANB · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… led to lower final ANB compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Incidence of incisal trauma · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… showed no clear difference in incidence of incisal trauma compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
PAR score · Children (7 to 11 years) and adolescents (12 to 16 years) with prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion)
Early treatment (two-phase: phase 1 in childhood, phase 2 in… led to lower PAR score compared with late treatment (one-phase in adolescence) with functional appliance; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
MD -10.52 [-12.32, -8.71]
2 studies · 349 participants
GRADE not reported
MD 0.62 [-0.66, 1.91]
3 studies · 360 participants
GRADE not reported
Leaving the study early · patients with schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride changes leaving the study early (any reason) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children (approx. 4-18 years)
In the Region: Asian countries subgroup, the BMI (highest vs lowest)-childhood caries association was significant (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.32; ungraded).
17 findings from 1 review
Show 14 more findings
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Country population: large
OR 1.56 [1.09, 2.21]
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Age: 7-15 years
OR 1.25 [0.87, 1.81]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Region: European countries
OR 0.81 [0.36, 1.81]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania
OR 1.44 [1.16, 1.78]
16 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Study design: case-control
OR 1.31 [0.77, 2.22]
4 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Sample size: >900
OR 1.59 [1.25, 2.02]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Adjustment for sex: yes
OR 1.30 [0.99, 1.71]
10 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Adjustment for sex: no
OR 1.74 [1.13, 2.68]
6 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Study design: cohort
OR 1.27 [1.07, 1.56]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Country population: small
OR 1.31 [0.95, 1.81]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Adjustment for age: no
OR 1.68 [1.29, 2.18]
10 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Region: American countries
OR 1.28 [0.91, 1.81]
7 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Sample size: <900
OR 1.25 [0.77, 2.02]
8 studies
GRADE not reported
Childhood obesity in relation to risk of dental caries: a cumulative and dose-response systematic review and… 2024 All outcomesDental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania · Age: <7 years
OR 1.59 [1.22, 2.07]
9 studies
GRADE not reported
Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · Nigerian children with primary dentition (approximately 6 months to 5 years)
In primary dentition, high-frequency sugar consumption was associated with slightly higher, non-significant odds of caries (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.23 to 5.44), with high heterogeneity (I2=83%; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review