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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.

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Intervention or exposure

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Review versions

1,554 questions in 140 reviews · Heart

current versions

No studies 272 · 17.5%Ungraded 44 · 2.8%Very low 329 · 21.2%Low 464 · 29.9%Moderate 319 · 20.5%High 126 · 8.1%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Angina reduction Decrease in two angina classes or more · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	OR 4.63 [3.43, 6.25]	7 studies · 1051 participants	Low
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Angina reduction ‐ CCS score Decrease in two angina classes or more · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	OR 3.95 [2.9, 5.39]	5 studies · 923 participants	Low
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Angina reduction ‐ NYHA scale Decrease in two angina classes or more · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	OR 68.32 [7.95, 587.38]	2 studies · 128 participants	Moderate
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Overall mortality · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	OR 1.12 [0.77, 1.63]	7 studies · 1053 participants	High
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Early postoperative mortality Deaths in the 30 days after surgery · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	OR 1.19 [0.63, 2.24]	6 studies · 967 participants	High
Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment Exercise tolerance Minutes · patients with refractory angina Transmyocardial laser revascularization versus medical therapy for refractory angina (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 129 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Death at any time · patients with acute coronary syndrome Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.58 [0.36, 0.92]	5 studies · 614 participants	Low
Intervention NR hour Plasma Creatine Phosphokinase · patients with acute coronary syndrome Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 84 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR hour Plasma Creatine Phosphate · patients with acute coronary syndrome Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 72 participants	Moderate
Intervention NR Maximum Plasma Creatine Phosphate · patients with acute coronary syndrome Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 184 participants	High
Intervention NR Single trial only · patients with acute coronary syndrome Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute coronary syndrome (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 participants	Ungraded
Cells vs no cells All‐cause mortality ‐ short‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.8 [0.43, 1.49]	17 studies · 1365 participants	Moderate
Cells vs no cells All‐cause mortality ‐ long‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.93 [0.58, 1.5]	14 studies · 996 participants	Moderate
Cells vs no cells Cardiovascular mortality ‐ short‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.72 [0.28, 1.82]	7 studies · 290 participants	Moderate
Cells vs no cells Cardiovascular mortality ‐ long‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.04 [0.54, 1.99]	9 studies · 527 participants	Moderate
Cells vs no cells Composite death, reinfarction and hospitalisation for heart failure ‐ short‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.36 [0.12, 1.14]	3 studies · 379 participants	Moderate
Cells vs no cells Composite death, reinfarction and hospitalisation for heart failure ‐ long‐term · patients with AMI Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.63 [0.36, 1.1]	6 studies · 497 participants	Moderate
Aminophylline vs placebo Survival to hospital discharge · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	OR 0.58 [0.12, 2.74]	5 studies · 1254 participants	Moderate
Aminophylline vs placebo Return of spontaneous circulation · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	OR 1.15 [0.89, 1.49]	5 studies · 1254 participants	High
Aminophylline vs placebo Survival to admission · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	OR 0.92 [0.61, 1.39]	4 studies · 1232 participants	Moderate
Aminophylline vs placebo Early administration of aminophylline: survival to hospital discharge · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 37 participants	Low
Aminophylline vs placebo Early administration of aminophylline: survival to hospital admission · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	OR 0.22 [0.02, 2.36]	2 studies · 37 participants	Low
Aminophylline vs placebo Early administration of aminophylline: return of spontaneous circulation · participants with bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults Aminophylline for bradyasystolic cardiac arrest in adults (2015) · Cochrane	OR 1.61 [0.38, 6.77]	2 studies · 37 participants	Low
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ all‐cause mortality All‐cause mortality: Structured telephone support versus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.87 [0.77, 0.98]	22 studies · 9222 participants	Moderate
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ all‐cause mortality All‐cause mortality: Telemonitoring versus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.8 [0.68, 0.94]	17 studies · 3740 participants	Moderate
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ all‐cause hospitalisation All‐cause hospitalisation: Structured telephone support verus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.95 [0.9, 1]	16 studies · 7216 participants	Very low
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ all‐cause hospitalisation All‐cause hospitalisation: Telemonitoring versus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.95 [0.89, 1.01]	13 studies · 3332 participants	Very low
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ heart failure‐related hospitalisation CHF‐related hospitalisation: Structured telephone support versus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.77, 0.93]	16 studies · 7030 participants	Moderate
Summary of findings ‐ structured telephone support or telemonitoring vs usual care ‐ heart failure‐related hospitalisation CHF‐related hospitalisation: Telemonitoring versus usual care · people with heart failure Structured telephone support or non‐invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failure (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.71 [0.6, 0.83]	8 studies · 2148 participants	Moderate
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Short‐term mortality (up to 30 days) · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	6 studies · 287 participants	Very low
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Blood loss in first 24 hours (neonates and paediatric cases) · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	4 studies · 138 participants	Low
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Red cell transfusion requirement in first 24 hours (neonates and paediatric cases) · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 110 participants	Low
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Number of patients receiving a red cell transfusion · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	OR 2.57 [1.3, 5.08]	4 studies · 222 participants	Moderate
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Measurement of prothrombin time within 2 hours of infusion · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 210 participants	Moderate
Fresh frozen plasma vs no plasma Resource use: need for return to theatre · Neonates, children and adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery Fresh frozen plasma for cardiovascular surgery (2015) · Cochrane	OR 0.81 [0.26, 2.57]	7 studies · 398 participants	Moderate
Amiodarone vs placebo or no treatment Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (primary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.76 [0.66, 0.88]	17 studies · 8383 participants	Low
Amiodarone vs other antiarrhythmics All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.03 [0.75, 1.42]	5 studies · 898 participants	Low
Amiodarone vs beta blockers Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.84 [0.55, 1.27]	1 study · 189 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs beta blockers All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.96 [0.7, 1.32]	1 study · 189 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs sotalol Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 2.87 [0.32, 25.55]	1 study · 45 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs sotalol All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.08 [0.41, 2.83]	2 studies · 104 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs placebo or no treatment All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (primary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.88 [0.78, 1]	17 studies · 8383 participants	Low
Amiodarone vs beta blockers Sudden cardiac death · beta blockers Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.37 [0.11, 1.22]	2 studies · 342 participants	Low
Amiodarone vs beta blockers All‐cause mortality · beta blockers Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.27 [0.1, 0.75]	2 studies · 342 participants	Low
Amiodarone vs other antiarrhythmics Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (primary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.44 [0.19, 1]	3 studies · 540 participants	Moderate
Amiodarone vs other antiarrhythmics All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (primary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 0.37 [0.18, 0.76]	3 studies · 540 participants	Moderate
Amiodarone vs placebo or no treatment Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 4.32 [0.87, 21.49]	2 studies · 440 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs placebo or no treatment All‐cause mortality · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 3.05 [1.33, 7.01]	2 studies · 440 participants	Very low
Amiodarone vs other antiarrhythmics Sudden cardiac death · participants with high risk of sudden cardiac death (secondary prevention) Amiodarone versus other pharmacological interventions for prevention of sudden cardiac death (2015) · Cochrane	RR 1.4 [0.56, 3.52]	4 studies · 839 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Mortality · patients undergoing cardiac surgery Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery (2015) · Cochrane	OR 1.8 [0.38, 8.54]	2 studies · 300 participants	Moderate