Enamel remineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, n-ACP-containing orthodontic adhesives showed significant enamel remineralization versus control in both studies, but evidence is weak (only 2 studies; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel remineralization / anti-demineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, most bioactive glass-containing orthodontic adhesives (9 of 13 studies) showed significant enamel remineralization/anti-demineralization versus control, but the evidence is weak (predominantly high risk of bias, methodological heterogeneity, no meta-analysis; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Out of 13 studies that evaluated bioactive glass particles/nanoparticles, 9 reported definitive statistically significant remineralization potential compared to control orthodontic adhesives [17, 21-24, 26-28, 31]; one…
13 studies
GRADE not reported
Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
A single triple-blinded RCT found the ACP-containing adhesive reduced enamel demineralization versus a conventional adhesive over 6 months (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Streptococcus mutans count · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
The antibacterial (S. mutans) effect of TiO2 nanoparticles was conflicting across two RCTs (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
First-time bracket failure · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Resin-modified glass ionomer cement showed no difference in first-time bracket failure, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
No differences were observed in the proportions of patients experiencing first-time bracket failures when participants were bonded with either resin adhesive or RM-GIC (p > 0.05).
1 study · 197 participants
GRADE not reported
Incidence of new ICLs (proportion of tooth surfaces developing new lesions) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances, followed for development of new ICLs
About 15% of tooth surfaces developed new ICLs during fixed orthodontic treatment (pooled 0.15, 95% CI 0.08-0.26; very low certainty; extreme heterogeneity).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Adhesive precoated flash-free brackets showed no demineralization difference, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Intergroup evaluation showed that there were no statistically significant differences in demineralization measurements between all sides of the conventional and flash-free brackets at all the time intervals (p >0.05).
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported
Streptococcus mutans count · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Chitosan and TiO2 adhesive reduced S. mutans counts, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Experimental group: significant decrease in S. mutans count was observed at the time points of 1 day, 2 months, and 6 months for both maxillary lateral incisor (p = 0.01) and maxillary second premolar teeth (p = 0.001).
1 study · 24 participants
GRADE not reported
Streptococcus mutans count · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
TiO2-modified composite showed no S. mutans difference, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Association between orthodontic treatment duration and ICLs prevalence · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances
ICLs prevalence increased with longer orthodontic treatment duration (meta-regression P=.01; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
White spot lesion incidence · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Clearfil Protect Bond showed no difference in WSL incidence, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
The incidence of WSLs in the Clearfil (CF) group was 8.03%, while in the Transbond (TB) group, it was 9.24% with no significant difference (p = 0.82).
1 study · 35 participants
GRADE not reported
White spot lesions assessed by laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Opal Seal had fewer DIAGNOdent-measured lesions, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Opal Seal group showed fewer WSLs compared to the Transbond group, with initial demineralization rates of 1.3% and 3.9%, and caries lesion rates of 0.2% and 1.3%, respectively (p <0.03).
1 study · 56 participants
GRADE not reported
Photographic white spot lesion score · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Opal Seal showed no difference in photographic WSL severity, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
New white spot lesion incidence (and first-time bracket bond failure) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
A single multicenter RCT found resin-modified glass-ionomer cement did not reduce new white spot lesions or bond failures versus conventional composite (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
nCaF2 primer favored lower demineralization scores, but certainty was not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
Statistically significant scores in favor of the nCaF2 primer at T1, T3, and T6 (p-value = 0.000).
1 study · 31 participants
GRADE not reported
Enamel remineralization / anti-demineralization extent · Human teeth with early enamel lesions surrounding orthodontic brackets
No meta-analysis was conducted; most included in vitro studies reported significant remineralization with remineralizing orthodontic adhesives versus controls.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
24 studies
GRADE not reported
Association between patient age and number of ICLs · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances
Patient age was not significantly associated with the number of ICLs (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Enamel demineralization (DIAGNOdent score) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35)
Across three small non-randomized studies, fluoride-releasing primers (Opal Seal, Clearfil) showed no consistent clinical advantage over conventional primers in preventing white spot lesions (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Calcium and phosphate ion release · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)
In vitro, an n-ACP-containing adhesive significantly increased calcium and phosphate ion release up to 42 days in a single study (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Bracket (bond) failure · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)
Opal Seal showed no difference in bracket failure, with certainty not graded.
1 finding from 1 review
No significant differences were observed in bracket failure rates among different primers, dental arches, bracket types, or sexes.
1 study · 56 participants
GRADE not reported