Adverse events: renal calculi · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: renal calculi compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in incidence: all cancers compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all cancers · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in mortality: all cancers compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality: all causes · relatively healthy postmenopausal women
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
New fractures · patients with osteoporosis
It is very uncertain whether chinese herbal medicines plus western medicine changes new fractures (Xianlinggubao capsule (low‐dose) plus calcium and… compared with western medicine (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
RR 0.33 [0.01, 8.02]
1 study · 120 participants
Very low
RR 0.44 [0.13, 1.43]
1 study · 155 participants
Very low
RR 0.22 [0.01, 5.34]
1 study · 75 participants
Very low
Hip Fracture · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to lower persons sustaining new hip fracture (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Persons sustaining new non‐vertebral fracture (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
1 finding from 1 review
Fractures: vertebral or deformity · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
1 finding from 1 review
New fractures · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures
Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to lower persons sustaining any new fracture (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review