Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

29 questions · 31 findings · 4 reviews

No studies found 8 · 25.8%GRADE not reported 2 · 6.5%Very low 8 · 25.8%Low 5 · 16.1%Moderate 3 · 9.7%High 5 · 16.1%

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo or control

Persons with hypercalcaemia ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3 or 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures

Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium showed no clear difference in persons with hypercalcaemia ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3 or 25(OH)D) plus… compared with control or placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo or control

Persons with renal disease (calculi or insufficiency) ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3 or 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures

Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium leads to higher persons with renal disease (calculi or insufficiency) ‐ Vitamin D… compared with control or placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo or control

Deaths ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3, 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) · post‐menopausal women and older people at risk of osteoporotic fractures

Vitamin D [D2, D3 or 25(OH)D] plus calcium showed no clear difference in deaths ‐ Vitamin D (D2, D3, 25(OH)D) plus calcium (1 year estimate) compared with control or placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs vitamin D

Adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes adverse events (number) Definition: asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and… compared with vitamin D (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs calcium

Healing of rickets (number) Definition: normal alkaline phosphatase and bone radiograph

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes healing of rickets (number) Definition: normal alkaline phosphatase… compared with calcium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs calcium

Adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria compared with calcium (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs vitamin D

Healing of rickets (number) Definition: normal alkaline phosphatase and bone radiograph

Vitamin D plus calcium may leads to higher healing of rickets (number) Definition: normal alkaline phosphatase… compared with vitamin D (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs placebo

Adverse events: serum calcium above normal · relatively healthy postmenopausal women

Vitamin D plus calcium showed no clear difference in adverse events: serum calcium above normal compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review