Mental state · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Service use (short term) ‐ hospitalisation (number readmitted) · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
ECT plus standard care may leads to lower service use (short term) ‐ hospitalisation (number readmitted) compared with sham‐ECT plus standard care (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · patients with schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether aspirin plus antipsychotics changes leaving the study early: short‐term – for any reason compared with placebo plus antipsychotics (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: psychosis risk symptoms SOPS total (higher score = worse, scale from: 0‐114) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1 study · 8 participants
Very low
Adverse effects: suicidal thoughts (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis
It is very uncertain whether group A: amino acids changes adverse effects: suicidal thoughts Short‐term (events) compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: specific ‐ psychosis risk, positive symptoms Average total score, SOPS positive (higher score = worse, scale from 0‐30) Short‐term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: 2. Extrapyramidal ‐ akathisia · patients with schizophrenia
ORAL FLUPHENAZINE probably leads to higher adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects (akathisia) ‐ short… compared with PLACEBO (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: extrapyramidal adverse effectsParkinsonism (rigidity) short term (< 3 months) Clinical diagnoses · patients with schizophrenia
ORAL FLUPHENAZINE probably leads to higher adverse effects: Extrapyramidal effects (rigidity) ‐ short… compared with PLACEBO (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: significant response or improvement in negative symptoms (PANSS negative subscale, high = worse) ‐ short term (12 weeks) · adults with schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors changes mental state: significant response or improvement in negative… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mental state: 2. Positive symptoms ‐ average endpoint score PANSS positive subscore · adults with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical global response: significant response or improvement in global status (CGI‐S, high = worse) ‐ short term (4 weeks) · adults with schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors changes clinical global response: significant response or improvement in… compared with placebo (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive function: average endpoint score** · adults with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
QoL · adults with schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Nausea · adults with schizophrenia
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors showed no clear difference in adverse effects: Nausea ‐ short term (2 to 12 weeks) compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Quality of life: general ‐ average endpoint score (GWB, high score = good) ‐ short term ( · People with schizophrenia and schizophrenia‐like disorders
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early · schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride changes leaving the study early (any reason, short and medium term) compared with perphenazine (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: Clinically important general adverse effect ‐ short term (EPSEs requiring medication) · schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride changes adverse effects: Clinically important general adverse effect ‐ short… compared with risperidone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Leaving the study early · schizophrenia
It is very uncertain whether zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride changes leaving the study early (any reason, short and medium term) compared with risperidone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical response: mean score/change in global state: mean CGI score (high = poor) Short term (8 weeks) · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review
Global state: Response ‐ proxy outcome ‐ mental state: 1. General ‐ average score (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale by over 24 weeks · people with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia
1 finding from 1 review