Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

121 questions · 128 findings · 51 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility

No studies found 32 · 25%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 40 · 31.3%Low 45 · 35.2%Moderate 10 · 7.8%High 1 · 0.8%

Progesterone vs no treatment or placebo (route of progesterone administration)

Multiple pregnancy rate · women trying to conceive by intrauterine insemination

Progesterone showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy per woman compared with no treatment or placebo (route of progesterone administration) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropins with GnRH agonists vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

It is very uncertain whether gonadotropins with GnRH agonists changes multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotropins with GnRH antagonist vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Gonadotropins with GnRH antagonist showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens vs gonadotropins alone

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Gonadotrophins with anti‐oestrogens showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with gonadotropins alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropins vs anti‐oestrogens with gonadotropins

Multiple pregnancy rate · intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with infertility

Aromatase inhibitors with gonadotropins showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with anti‐oestrogens with gonadotropins (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) + follicle aspiration + ovulation induction vs follicle aspiration + ovulation induction

Adverse event ‐ multiple pregnancy · subfertile women with PCOS

It is very uncertain whether chinese herbal medicine (CHM) plus follicle aspiration plus… changes multiple pregnancy (adverse events) compared with follicle aspiration plus ovulation induction (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

LOD with and without medical ovulation vs medical ovulation induction alone

Multiple pregnancy · women with anovulatory PCOS and CC resistance

LOD with and without medical ovulation probably leads to lower multiple pregnancy compared with medical ovulation induction alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review